A device for preventing air escape and maintaining colonic air distension can include a body, a distal gasket coupled to a distal end of the body, a proximal gasket coupled to a proximal end of the body, and a diaphragm coupled to the proximal gasket. The distal and proximal gaskets can form a fluid-tight seal with a colonoscope positioned within central bores of the distal gasket, the body, and the proximal gasket, and the diaphragm can conform to and form a fluid-tight seal with at least one of an anus and a stoma of a subject.

A device for measuring radiation dosage is disclosed, comprising a flexible sheet, one or more detector assemblies disposed on the sheet, and detector retaining means for retaining the one or more detector assemblies on the sheet such that the one or more detector assemblies adopt the same curvature as the sheet when the sheet is deformed. Each one or more detector assembly comprises a plurality of beads threaded onto a fibre, the plurality of beads comprising radiation-sensitive material for recording information about a radiation dosage to which each bead is exposed, and the detector retaining means is configured to permit each one or more detector assembly to be subsequently detached from the sheet without removing the plurality of beads from the fibre. A method of detecting radiation dosage using the device is also disclosed.

A device for measuring radiation dosage is disclosed, comprising a flexible sheet, one or more detector assemblies disposed on the sheet, and detector retaining means for retaining the one or more detector assemblies on the sheet such that the one or more detector assemblies adopt the same curvature as the sheet when the sheet is deformed. Each one or more detector assembly comprises a plurality of beads threaded onto a fibre, the plurality of beads comprising radiation-sensitive material for recording information about a radiation dosage to which each bead is exposed, and the detector retaining means is configured to permit each one or more detector assembly to be subsequently detached from the sheet without removing the plurality of beads from the fibre. A method of detecting radiation dosage using the device is also disclosed.

Provided is a flexible mechanism. The flexible mechanism comprises: a flexible backbone which is introduced into a treatment area in the human body and which bends along a path in the human body; and a wire for transmitting an operation force provided through a handler prepared at one end of the flexible backbone to an end-effector prepared at the other end of the flexible backbone, wherein the wire extends from the one end of the flexible backbone to the other end of the flexible backbone and can wind around the outer circumferential surface of the flexible backbone in multiples of 360 degrees or passes through a spiral path formed on an inner surface in multiples of 360 degrees.

A colonoscopy auxiliary device. The colonoscopy auxiliary device includes: a foldable shield portion provided with a colo-examination aperture; and a first adhesive strip disposed on a first edge of the foldable shield portion.

An endoscope includes a detachable wireless imaging device and an insertion tube having a distal end region. The attachment of the detachable wireless imaging device detachably attaches the detachable wireless imaging device to the distal end region of the insertion tube.

An endoscope includes a detachable wireless imaging device and an insertion tube having a distal end region. The attachment of the detachable wireless imaging device detachably attaches the detachable wireless imaging device to the distal end region of the insertion tube.

A method for determining if a tissue is ganglionic is provided. The method comprises a) generating at least one hyperspectral Raman image of a tissue from a region of interest in a tissue suspected to contain ganglion cells that was optionally identified by a method comprising autofluorescence (AF) and Second Harmonic generation (SHG) imaging of the tissue; and b) analyzing any of the images for one or more of the following: i) optical excitation; ii) chemical information or emission spectra; or iii) AF, SHG, and/or Raman signatures, wherein the analysis provides indicators that the region of interest is either ganglionic or non-ganglionic. A system for analysis of in vivo tissue or ex vivo tissue samples including a multiphoton autofluorescence microscope, a Second Harmonic Generation microscope, and a hyperspectral Raman microscope in operative communication is also provided.

A method for determining if a tissue is ganglionic is provided. The method comprises a) generating at least one hyperspectral Raman image of a tissue from a region of interest in a tissue suspected to contain ganglion cells that was optionally identified by a method comprising autofluorescence (AF) and Second Harmonic generation (SHG) imaging of the tissue; and b) analyzing any of the images for one or more of the following: i) optical excitation; ii) chemical information or emission spectra; or iii) AF, SHG, and/or Raman signatures, wherein the analysis provides indicators that the region of interest is either ganglionic or non-ganglionic. A system for analysis of in vivo tissue or ex vivo tissue samples including a multiphoton autofluorescence microscope, a Second Harmonic Generation microscope, and a hyperspectral Raman microscope in operative communication is also provided.

An optical prism is designed to displace a field of view offset angle of an endoscope. A connector is designed to affix the optical prism to a tip of an endoscope that has a field of view at an initial offset angle displaced off-axis. The optical prism and connector are designed to reduce the offset angle of the field of view of the endoscope toward on-axis. Delivery packaging for an endoscope has a vial, well, or cavity designed to retain anti-adhesive lubricant in contact with a lens or window of the endoscope.