According to one embodiment, an optometric apparatus includes a movement mechanism system and left and right optometry units. The movement mechanism system is suspended from an arm. The left and right optometry units are configured to be moved by the movement mechanism system. The left and right optometry units each include an optical element applying part, a target presenting part, and an objective measurement part. The optical element applying part is configured to selectively apply a plurality of optical elements to a subject's eye. The target presenting part is configured to selectively present a plurality of visual targets to the subject's eye. The objective measurement part is configured for performing objective refraction measurement of the subject's eye.

An apparatus for measuring a fundus of a subject. The apparatus includes a focusing unit which adjusts a defocus of the apparatus. The focusing unit includes a first focusing mirror and a second focusing mirror. The first focusing mirror and second focusing mirror are arranged so that an incident beam from the light source entering the focusing unit and an emitted beam exiting the focusing unit are substantially parallel to each other. Adjustment of the defocus is accomplished by moving both first focusing mirror and second focusing mirror such that incident beam and emitted beam remain substantially parallel to each other. The apparatus includes a wavefront sensor for detecting a shape of a wavefront. The apparatus includes a wavefront correction device. The wavefront correction device adjusts a wavefront of the light from the light source based on the shape of the wavefront detected by the wavefront sensor.

Systems and methods for performing a visual field test of a patient are described. One example method for performing the visual field test of the patient using a visual field testing device having a refractive correction element, a patient support, and a motor operably attached to one of the refractive correction element or the patient support includes positioning the patient's head relative to the device using the patient support. An image showing the position of the eye relative to the refractive correction element is collected. The relative displacement of the eye with respect to the refractive correction element is determined based on the collected image. The motor is actuated in a manner to reduce the determined displacement. A series of test stimuli is displayed to the patient's eye and responses to the test stimuli are received from the patient. The responses are analyzed to make an assessment of the patient's visual field.

A viewing target for a visual acuity and refraction measurement includes at least one line comprising a width dimension that is below a resolution limit width (hereinafter “RLW”) of a test subject visual acuity, and an adjustable length dimension that is initially set at greater than the RLW of the test subject visual acuity. A base, at least approximately intersecting the line, has a thickness along the direction of the length of the line that is greater than the RLW of the test subject visual acuity. The length dimension of the line is adjustable in increments small enough to effectively approximate the visual acuity of the test subject by determining a shortest resolvable line and a next smaller line that is not resolvable by the test subject.

An electroactive device may include (1) an electroactive polymer element having a first surface and a second surface opposing the first surface, (2) a primary electrode abutting the first surface, and (3) a secondary electrode abutting the second surface. The electroactive polymer element may be transformed from an initial state to a deformed state and may achieve substantially uniform strain by the application of an electrostatic field produced by a potential difference between the electrodes. Various other devices, systems, and methods are also disclosed.

An optical coherence tomography includes a light source, a light separator, a light generator configured to generate interference light, a detector configured to detect the interference light, a first optical element, and at least one of second optical elements comprising a pair of surfaces, and performs forming a tomographic image of a subject. The first optical element is arranged on a measurement light path so as to be closest to the subject, and satisfies at least one of following conditional formulas:

−(W−S)<U−2Z<X−W;   [a2]

U−2Z<−W; and   [b1]

U−2Z>X−W+S,   [c2] W: a predetermined operation distance U: a depth of interest S: a range of interest X: a distance which is greater than W+U+S and minimal among distance(s) between the pair of surfaces Z: a shallowest position of the area of interest relative to an origin position.

An endo-optic illuminator has a compartment, a divider within the compartment, and a fiber optic cable in optical communication with the divider and with the light source of a microscope. The fiber optic cable transmits the light through its length. The cable has two ends: a tip and a base. A user then positions the cable to emit light with the tip proximate a patient's eye. Opposite the tip, the base connects the cable to the light source. The divider redirects light from the light source into the base of the fiber optic cable and then onward to illuminate its tip. The divider includes a prism, beam splitter, mirror flip, occluder, shutter, and the like. The fiber optic cable transmits light with less than a 10% loss of candlepower along its length. The illuminator replaces a second separate light source currently used by ophthalmologists.

An apparatus for use in the measurement of the optical density of macular pigment in the human eye, and an apparatus for the use in measuring the lens optical density of a human eye. The apparatus is particularly applicable to flicker photometers, which are used to measure the macular pigment in the human eye.

An ophthalmologic imaging apparatus includes a data acquisition unit and a controller. The data acquisition unit is configured to repeatedly acquire data by repeatedly scanning an eye using optical coherence tomography. The controller is configured to perform first control to adjust optical path length difference between a sample arm and a reference arm of an interference optical system for optical coherence tomography to place an image of the eye in a reference position in an image frame based on the data repeatedly acquired by the data acquisition unit. Further, the controller is configured to perform second control to change the optical path length difference so as to place the image of the eye in a new reference position in the image frame based on the data repeatedly acquired by the data acquisition unit. The apparatus can perform preparatory operations for OCT measurement of the subject's eye.

A system and method for measuring a characteristic of an eye of a subject receive data pertaining to the subject; assign the subject to an assigned age category based on the data pertaining to the subject; adjust a brightness level of a fixation target according to the assigned age category for the subject; provide the fixation target for a subject to view; and objectively measure at least one characteristic of the eye of the subject while the subject views the fixation target at the adjusted brightness level.