A braking system for a motorcycle may have at least (a) a first brake associated with a front wheel of the motorcycle, at least a first electro-hydraulic or electro-mechanical actuator, operatively connected to the first brake, (b) at least a first manual actuation command, associated with and corresponding to the at least one first brake, to send a braking request from a user, (c) at least a second brake associated with a rear wheel of the motorcycle, (d) at least a second electro-hydraulic or electro-mechanical actuator, operatively connected to the second brake, (e) at least a second manual actuation command, associated with and corresponding to the at least one second brake, to send a brake request from a user, and (f) a control unit operatively connected to the first manual actuation command, to the second manual actuation command and to the first and second electro-hydraulic or electro-mechanical actuators.

A brake system of a vehicle, with electromechanical service brakes on at least one axle designed without force sensors, having a control unit designed to control a braking operation for meeting a braking demand by activating the electromechanical service brakes of all the axles. An acquisition element on each of the electromechanical service brakes acquires a parameter from which a current brake touch point of the electromechanical service brake in question can be determined. For operating the brake system, the brakes on one of the axles of the vehicle are actuated during a braking operation. A current value of a brake touch point of the electromechanical service brakes on another axle that is currently not being used to provide the brake force of the ongoing braking operation is determined. An air gap of those electromechanical service brakes is set according to the current value of the brake touch point.

A brake system of a vehicle, with electromechanical service brakes on at least one axle designed without force sensors, having a control unit designed to control a braking operation for meeting a braking demand by activating the electromechanical service brakes of all the axles. An acquisition element on each of the electromechanical service brakes acquires a parameter from which a current brake touch point of the electromechanical service brake in question can be determined. For operating the brake system, the brakes on one of the axles of the vehicle are actuated during a braking operation. A current value of a brake touch point of the electromechanical service brakes on another axle that is currently not being used to provide the brake force of the ongoing braking operation is determined. An air gap of those electromechanical service brakes is set according to the current value of the brake touch point.

A method of adaptively changing brake force distribution in a vehicle may include detecting vehicle parameters during operation of the vehicle, based on the detected vehicle parameters, determining downhill travel of the vehicle while braking and steering inputs are applied to the vehicle as an enabling condition, and responsive to detection of a trigger comprising detection of an understeer condition while the enabling condition is satisfied, executing a brake force distribution modification defining a change in distribution of brake forces between a front axle and a rear axle of the vehicle.

To suppress a sharp variation in the posture of a vehicle in a control apparatus that is configured to control the posture of the vehicle by adjusting a distribution ratio of a braking force between the front and rear during braking of the vehicle. The control apparatus includes a distribution setting unit that is configured to change the braking force distribution ratio from a basic braking force ratio during braking of the vehicle so that a posture of the vehicle follows a posture indicated by the target posture value. If the target posture value is varied when the braking force distribution ratio is different from the basic braking force ratio, the distribution setting unit sets the amount of change, by which the braking force distribution ratio is changed per unit time, equal to or smaller than a restriction amount.

To suppress a sharp variation in the posture of a vehicle in a control apparatus that is configured to control the posture of the vehicle by adjusting a distribution ratio of a braking force between the front and rear during braking of the vehicle. The control apparatus includes a distribution setting unit that is configured to change the braking force distribution ratio from a basic braking force ratio during braking of the vehicle so that a posture of the vehicle follows a posture indicated by the target posture value. If the target posture value is varied when the braking force distribution ratio is different from the basic braking force ratio, the distribution setting unit sets the amount of change, by which the braking force distribution ratio is changed per unit time, equal to or smaller than a restriction amount.

A brake system for selectively actuating at least one of a pair of front wheel brakes and a pair of rear wheel brakes of a vehicle, one of which is hydraulically actuated and the other of which is electrically actuated, includes a reservoir. First and second integrated control units are in fluid communication with the reservoir and respective ones of the hydraulically actuated wheel brakes. The first and second integrated control units have first and second power transmission units connected to first and second electronic control unit, respectively. Each electronic control unit is configured to control a corresponding power transmission unit and a selected one of the electrically actuated wheel brakes on a contralateral side of the vehicle from the selected one of the hydraulically actuated wheel brakes which is actuated by the power transmission unit.

Brake fluid inside a first wheel cylinder is pressurized by using a first pressure-regulating mechanism and brake fluid inside a second wheel cylinder is pressurized by using a second pressure-regulating mechanism. If a determination means determines that the first pressure-regulating mechanism action is in an unsuitable state and the second pressure-regulating mechanism action is in a suitable state, the control means pressurizes the brake fluid inside the first wheel cylinder by using a master cylinder and pressurizes the brake fluid inside the second wheel cylinder by using the second pressure-regulating mechanism, when an operation volume is less than a value. When the operation volume has reached the value, the control means pressurizes the brake fluid inside the first and second wheel cylinders by using the second pressure-regulating mechanism.

A brake control apparatus includes: a master cylinder that outputs a brake fluid at a master pressure; a master pressure changing device that is configured to change the master pressure irrespective of an operation of a brake pedal; a brake actuator; and a control unit that executes vehicle stability control by changing a brake pressure of a target wheel. Modes of the vehicle stability control include a normal mode and a pseudo mode. In the pseudo mode, the control unit operates the master pressure changing device such that the master pressure obtains a target value of the brake pressure of the target wheel, and changes the brake pressure of the target wheel in an interlocking manner with the master pressure. When the normal mode is unavailable, the control unit executes the vehicle stability control in the pseudo mode.

A brake control apparatus includes: a master cylinder that outputs a brake fluid at a master pressure; a master pressure changing device that is configured to change the master pressure irrespective of an operation of a brake pedal; a brake actuator; and a control unit that executes vehicle stability control by changing a brake pressure of a target wheel. Modes of the vehicle stability control include a normal mode and a pseudo mode. In the pseudo mode, the control unit operates the master pressure changing device such that the master pressure obtains a target value of the brake pressure of the target wheel, and changes the brake pressure of the target wheel in an interlocking manner with the master pressure. When the normal mode is unavailable, the control unit executes the vehicle stability control in the pseudo mode.