A vehicle braking device includes: a first hydraulic pressure output unit that is connected to a master chamber through a first liquid passage and outputs hydraulic pressure to first wheel cylinders based on a hydraulic pressure of the first liquid passage; a hydraulic pressure generating unit that generates hydraulic pressure independently of a master cylinder; a second hydraulic pressure output unit that is connected to the hydraulic pressure generating unit through a second liquid passage and outputs hydraulic pressure to second wheel cylinders based on a hydraulic pressure of the second liquid passage; a normally closed communication control valve that is provided in a communication passage connecting the first liquid passage and the second liquid passage and opens and closes the communication passage; and a normally open master cut valve in the first liquid passage on the master cylinder side relative to a connection portion with the communication passage.

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving information about a task to be completed by a user, receiving information about the user and receiving information about a physical environment of the user. The subject disclosure may further include creating one or more immersion objects based on the information about the task, the information about the user and the information about the physical environment, creating an immersive environment including the one or more immersive objects and at least a portion of the physical environment of the user, and communicating to an extended reality (XR) device of the user information about the immersive environment to create an immersive experience for completion of the task by the user. Other embodiments are disclosed.

A hydraulic block for redundancy of an electronic braking device may include: a block body having a motor mounting part to which a motor is coupled and a controller mounting part to which an ECU is coupled; hydraulic control ports formed on the block body, and connected to a first output line of a main braking device and a first hydraulic braking line, in order to perform hydraulic braking on ones of front wheels and rear wheels; drain ports formed on the block body, and connected to a second output line of the main braking device and a second hydraulic braking line, in order to reduce the pressure of the others; and a hydraulic circuit configured to form a flow path of operating fluid in the block body, and control the flow rates and pressures of operating fluids passing through the hydraulic control ports and the drain ports.

A hydraulic block for redundancy of an electronic braking device may include: a block body having a motor mounting part to which a motor is coupled and a controller mounting part to which an ECU is coupled; hydraulic control ports formed on the block body, and connected to a first output line of a main braking device and a first hydraulic braking line, in order to perform hydraulic braking on ones of front wheels and rear wheels; drain ports formed on the block body, and connected to a second output line of the main braking device and a second hydraulic braking line, in order to reduce the pressure of the others; and a hydraulic circuit configured to form a flow path of operating fluid in the block body, and control the flow rates and pressures of operating fluids passing through the hydraulic control ports and the drain ports.

A brake system may include a first hydraulic line; a second hydraulic line; a third hydraulic line; a fourth hydraulic line; a third switch valve; a fourth switch valve; a fifth hydraulic line; a sixth hydraulic line. The brake control unit can suppress a Vapor Lock even in a frequency brake operation in the section in which the downhill traveling from the highland to the flat is continued.

A brake system may include a first hydraulic line; a second hydraulic line; a third hydraulic line; a fourth hydraulic line; a third switch valve; a fourth switch valve; a fifth hydraulic line; a sixth hydraulic line. The brake control unit can suppress a Vapor Lock even in a frequency brake operation in the section in which the downhill traveling from the highland to the flat is continued.

A method of sensing wheel rotation can include: sensing magnetic force information in an environment of a wheel by a magnetometer to obtain measured magnetic force information; generating relative magnetic force information by performing mathematical operation processing in accordance with the measured magnetic force information, where the relative magnetic force information does not change with geomagnetic field and does change with a rotation angle of a wheel; and obtaining angle information related to the rotation angle of the wheel in accordance with the relative magnetic force information.

Method for holding a vehicle in the stationary state, which has the following steps: (a) if the vehicle has an automatic transmission, engaging a parking lock, or if the vehicle has a manual transmission, engaging a gear, (b) at least temporarily, automatically carrying out vehicle movement monitoring by means of a sensing device; and (c) automatically activating a brake device of the vehicle in order to apply a braking force if the sensing device signals a vehicle movement.

Method for holding a vehicle in the stationary state, which has the following steps: (a) if the vehicle has an automatic transmission, engaging a parking lock, or if the vehicle has a manual transmission, engaging a gear, (b) at least temporarily, automatically carrying out vehicle movement monitoring by means of a sensing device; and (c) automatically activating a brake device of the vehicle in order to apply a braking force if the sensing device signals a vehicle movement.

In a hydraulic brake system, when a main power supply is in an abnormal condition in which it cannot supply electric power to a pump motor, etc., the pump motor is operated with electric power supplied from an auxiliary power supply, irrespective of the presence of a braking request. Thus, when the main power supply is in the abnormal condition, the number of times inrush current flows is reduced. As a result, the voltage of the auxiliary power supply is less likely to be lower than an operation minimum voltage, and the hydraulic brake system is less likely to be unable to be operated.