A method for securing the braking effect of a brake includes a brake contact surface and a one brake pad including a friction surface, wherein a braking effect therebetween is caused by a braking pressure acting therebetween, the method including capturing the braking effect of the brake, attributing the braking effect to a friction parameter of the friction surface in a calculation unit, and comparing the friction parameter of a marginal braking effect in a comparator, wherein a signal is output to the brake when it falls below the marginal braking effect, which signal causes a braking pressure and a friction force between the brake contact surface and the friction surface directly and/or indirectly by pressure build-up, whereby the friction parameter of the friction surface is brought above the marginal braking effect when the braking pressure and the friction force on the friction surface and/or the brake contact surface obtain a material removal and/or a heat input, by which the relation between braking effect and braking pressure can be increased.

A rear cross traffic avoidance system includes an object detection device sensing remote objects rearward of a host vehicle. An object classifier distinguishes a remote dynamic object from remote static objects. The object classifier identifies a shape of the dynamic object. A tracking system tracks the remote dynamic object. A processor determines the remote object being on an intersecting path to the remote vehicle. The processor determines a warning threat assessment as a function of a time to intersect between the host vehicle and the remote dynamic object. The processor determines a brake threat assessment in response to an actuated warning of a collision. A brake actuation system actuates a braking operation for mitigating the collision.

A rear cross traffic avoidance system includes an object detection device sensing remote objects rearward of a host vehicle. An object classifier distinguishes a remote dynamic object from remote static objects. The object classifier identifies a shape of the dynamic object. A tracking system tracks the remote dynamic object. A processor determines the remote object being on an intersecting path to the remote vehicle. The processor determines a warning threat assessment as a function of a time to intersect between the host vehicle and the remote dynamic object. The processor determines a brake threat assessment in response to an actuated warning of a collision. A brake actuation system actuates a braking operation for mitigating the collision.

A device for a hydraulic actuating system, e.g., a motor vehicle brake, a clutch or a gear selector, may include the following components arranged in one housing, forming a main module: at least one pressure supply device driven by an electric motor drive, and a valve arrangement comprising at least one solenoid valve. The device may further include an electrical control unit (ECU) and valve output stages and sensors. The main module may be electrically and/or hydraulically connected to at least one further system component, which system component may include an actuating device and a travel simulator.

When a leak occurs in one service circuit of a multi-circuit braking system, the leak can prevent replenishing the non-leaking service reservoir. To address this problem, a shared backup reservoir can be used to replenish the non-leaking service reservoir. A valve can be used to allow flow from the backup reservoir to whichever service reservoir is under higher pressure, as low pressure would indicate a leak. Additional valve(s) can be used to impede flow from the service reservoirs to the backup reservoir to prevent the service reservoirs from being drained if the backup reservoir is subject to a leak.

When a leak occurs in one service circuit of a multi-circuit braking system, the leak can prevent replenishing the non-leaking service reservoir. To address this problem, a shared backup reservoir can be used to replenish the non-leaking service reservoir. A valve can be used to allow flow from the backup reservoir to whichever service reservoir is under higher pressure, as low pressure would indicate a leak. Additional valve(s) can be used to impede flow from the service reservoirs to the backup reservoir to prevent the service reservoirs from being drained if the backup reservoir is subject to a leak.

A vehicle braking device includes a first supply device that supplies brake fluid to wheel cylinders, a first supply path that connects the first supply device and the wheel cylinders, and first and second electromagnetic valves provided on the first supply path. The first electromagnetic valve is disposed on the first supply path such that a seating direction of the first electromagnetic valve and a brake fluid supply direction are opposite each other, the seating direction is a direction in which a valve body is seated on a valve seat, and the brake fluid supply direction is a direction in which the brake fluid flows from the first supply device to the wheel cylinders through the first supply path. The second electromagnetic valve is disposed on the first supply path such that a seating direction of the second electromagnetic valve and the brake fluid supply direction are the same.

Aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to limiting the use of an autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicle by particular occupants based on permission data. More specifically, permission data may include destinations, routes, and/or other information that is predefined or set by a third party. The vehicle may then access the permission data in order to transport the particular occupant to the predefined destination, for example, without deviation from the predefined route. The vehicle may drop the particular occupant off at the destination and may wait until the passenger is ready to move to another predefined destination. The permission data may be used to limit the ability of the particular occupant to change the route of the vehicle completely or by some maximum deviation value. For example, the vehicle may be able to deviate from the route up to a particular distance from or along the route.

Aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to limiting the use of an autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicle by particular occupants based on permission data. More specifically, permission data may include destinations, routes, and/or other information that is predefined or set by a third party. The vehicle may then access the permission data in order to transport the particular occupant to the predefined destination, for example, without deviation from the predefined route. The vehicle may drop the particular occupant off at the destination and may wait until the passenger is ready to move to another predefined destination. The permission data may be used to limit the ability of the particular occupant to change the route of the vehicle completely or by some maximum deviation value. For example, the vehicle may be able to deviate from the route up to a particular distance from or along the route.

An electromechanical braking system for a vehicle, having at least one first actuator, at least one first and one second energy supply device, wherein one of the energy supply devices is assigned to the first actuator as a primary source for supplying it with electrical energy, and the first actuator has a connection to this primary source. The first actuator additionally has a connection to an energy supply device which is assigned to said actuator as a secondary source and is intended to supply the first actuator with electrical energy from the primary source. An actuator having a primary and a secondary energy absorption device, each for connection to an energy supply device. Vehicle, trailer or utility vehicle combination having such a braking system and/or such an actuator.