A tire side device is provided with a vibration detection unit that outputs a detection signal corresponding to the magnitude of tire vibration, a control unit that performs to generate road surface data indicating a road surface condition that appears in the waveform of the detection signal, and a first data communication unit that transmits the road surface data. Furthermore, a vehicle body side system is provided with a second data communication unit that receives the road surface data transmitted from the first data communication unit, and a road surface determination unit that determines the condition of the road surface that the vehicle is traveling on the basis of the road surface data. In addition, sensing is performed by the control unit under different sensing conditions at the tire side device of at least one tire among a plurality of tires and the tire side device of at least one other tire among the plurality of tires, and road surface data generated on the basis of the different sensing conditions is transmitted from the first data communication unit.

A wheel end computer, WEC, (220) for hosting and executing one or more motion support device abstraction modules (MSDA, 221) configured to monitor and/or to control operations of one or more respective motion support devices, MSDs, (240, 250, 260, 270) on a heavy duty vehicle, where an MSDA provides a control and/or a monitoring interface between an external vehicle unit computer (VUC, 210), and a respective MSDs operational functionality, wherein the WEC (220) is arranged to identify a matching MSDA for each MSD in a set of MSDs, such that each MSD connected to the WEC is matched to a respective MSDA, and wherein the WEC (220) is arranged to receive a monitor and/or a control command from the VUC (210) for monitoring and/or controlling an MSD connected to the WEC, and to control the MSD via the respective matching MSDA.

A system and method are provided for Bayesian updating of distributions of factors that affect tire wear. Information is accumulated in data storage regarding probability distributions corresponding to each of a respective plurality of tire wear factors. Vehicle data comprising movement data and location data collected in association with a vehicle is transmitted from the vehicle to a centralized (e.g., cloud) computing device or network. At least one observation corresponding to one or more of the plurality of factors is generated based on the transmitted vehicle data. A Bayesian estimation is then generated of a tire wear status at a given time for at least one tire associated with the vehicle, based at least on the at least one generated observation and the stored information regarding probability distributions. The predictions accordingly carry a measure of uncertainty, and Bayesian inference can be used to update distributions based on the observations.

A system and method are provided for predicting the non-linear progression in vehicle tire wear. The system determines an original tread depth for a tire associated with a vehicle, and further determines an initial wear rate for the tire based at least partially on the original tread depth. One or more tire conditions are measured as time-series inputs to a predictive tire wear model, for example utilizing “brush-type” tire wear models for a contact interface between a base material of the tire and road surfaces, wherein the interface is represented as a plurality of independently deformable elements, wherein a current wear rate is normalized based at least partially on said inputs to the initial wear rate for the tire. The system can then predict a tire wear status of the tire for specified future parameters, such as for example a specified future distance traveled or a time traveled.

A system and method are provided for estimating progression in vehicle tire wear. A tread depth is stored at a first (e.g., initial or unworn) stage for a given tire, along with a first set of modal frequencies for the tire. At a later (e.g., worn) stage, for example in concert with a controlled excitation of tire structural modes, a second set of corresponding modal frequencies are sensed for the tire, and a tire wear status of the tire is determined at the second stage based on a calculated frequency shift between at least one corresponding modal frequency from each of the first and second sets. In one example, an initial mass of the tire is stored, and a change in mass is calculated based on the calculated frequency shift. Alternatively, a correlation of modal frequency shift may be performed with respect to tread depth for a given tire.

A tire pressure monitoring unit is mounted on a vehicle wheel having a pressure and acceleration sensor. A method for assigning wheel positions includes pressure and acceleration data determined from the sensors. The pressure data and at least one piece of information derived from the acceleration data are transmitted wirelessly in a data telegram together with a characteristic identifier. Information concerning the reliability of the information derived from the acceleration data is acquired in the tire pressure monitoring unit on the basis of the measurements and is transmitted with the data telegram. A central evaluation unit considers a plurality of data telegrams and, taking account of data from the ABS sensors, assigns the individual tire pressure monitoring units to wheel positions. Data telegrams in which the reliability is higher receive a greater weighting, and data telegrams in which the reliability is smaller receive a smaller weighting.

An electronic brake system for a vehicle has an electronic control device and wear sensors on brakes. In the electronic brake system, signals of the wear sensors are transmitted in a wireless fashion to the control device or to a receiver which is connected to the control device.

An all-terrain vehicle may include a frame and a plurality of ground-engaging members supporting the frame. The all-terrain vehicle may further include a powertrain assembly supported by the frame and shiftable transmission supported by the frame and operably coupled to the powertrain assembly. The all-terrain vehicle may also include a display, a back-up camera, and a controller supported by the frame. The controller may be configured to receive a signal from the shiftable transmission corresponding to the shiftable transmission being in a gear of the plurality of gears other than a reverse gear. Further, the controller may be configured to determine the all-terrain vehicle is moving backwards and send an activation signal to the back-up camera to display images of the back-up camera on the display.

A method for estimating a grip of a tire supporting a vehicle includes generating a first set of data from a tire-mounted sensor unit, generating a second set of data from the tire-mounted sensor unit and from data obtained from the vehicle, and generating a third set of data from data obtained from the vehicle and from the Internet. A grip estimation module is provided. The first, second and third sets of data are received in the grip estimation module. A friction probability distribution is calculated with the grip estimation module using the first, second and third sets of data, and the friction probability distribution is input into at least one vehicle system.

A braking control method according to friction of road surface includes computing a real-time wheel speed according to a signal received from a wheel speed sensor; storing the real-time wheel speed as a wheel initial velocity when a braking event occurs; determining a relative-peak value according to the real-time wheel speed; estimating a vehicle deceleration according to the relative-peak value and the wheel initial velocity; computing an adjustment parameter according to the vehicle deceleration and a tire slip threshold, wherein the adjustment parameter reflects friction coefficient of road surface; and adjusting time length of an enhancement stage in an enhance-pressure control period of a stepped pressure-increasing phase according to the adjustment parameter; or adjusting time length of a reduction stage in a reduce-pressure control period of a stepped pressure-decreasing phase according to the adjustment parameter.