The object of the invention is to travel backward by an engine alone in a state where an electric motor is disconnected. Thus, external teeth are formed on the outer periphery of a ring gear which meshes with a first sun gear via a first pinion gear and a second pinion gear and to which power input from an electric motor is transmitted; a power transmission mechanism further includes a gear meshing with the external teeth of the ring gear; and a second clutch capable of non-rotatably fixing the ring gear at the time of causing a vehicle to travel backward with power input from an engine is provided between the ring gear and a transmission case.

An apparatus for controlling a hybrid vehicle and a method thereof are provided. The apparatus includes a hybrid starter & generator (HSG) controller that determines whether an HSG has failed, and a hybrid vehicle controller that controls reverse drive by controlling locking up an engine clutch and maintaining a main relay of a battery to be continuously turned on, based on whether a request for the reverse drive is input from a user. The hybrid vehicle controller changes and applies a vehicle torque control calculation method based on a state of charge (SoC) of the battery, when the HSG has failed.

An apparatus for controlling a hybrid vehicle and a method thereof are provided. The apparatus includes a hybrid starter & generator (HSG) controller that determines whether an HSG has failed, and a hybrid vehicle controller that controls reverse drive by controlling locking up an engine clutch and maintaining a main relay of a battery to be continuously turned on, based on whether a request for the reverse drive is input from a user. The hybrid vehicle controller changes and applies a vehicle torque control calculation method based on a state of charge (SoC) of the battery, when the HSG has failed.

A method of controlling a component of a powertrain of a vehicle is provided. The method comprises calculating an estimated clutch surface friction coefficient as a function of an initial clutch surface friction coefficient, a temperature of the clutch, and a rotational speed difference between a driving part and a driven part of the clutch; and adjusting a command signal to the component of the powertrain based upon the estimated clutch surface friction coefficient. A method of controlling a component of a powertrain of a vehicle comprises: estimating a clutch touchpoint x.sub.ct of a clutch controlled by a clutch actuation system including a ballramp system, based on the variables of the system to determine the translation of the ball for which the clutch will transmit torque; and adjusting a command signal to the component of the powertrain based upon the estimated clutch touchpoint x.sub.ct of the clutch.

A method for serial operation of a motor vehicle with a transmission having a first electric machine, which is operated as a motor for driving the motor vehicle, and a second electric machine, which is operated as a generator, includes, after a generation of a change-over signal, switching the first electric machine from the operation as a motor to the operation as a generator, and switching the second electric machine from the operation as a generator to the operation as a motor in order to drive the motor vehicle.

A method for serial operation of a motor vehicle with a transmission having a first electric machine, which is operated as a motor for driving the motor vehicle, and a second electric machine, which is operated as a generator, includes, after a generation of a change-over signal, switching the first electric machine from the operation as a motor to the operation as a generator, and switching the second electric machine from the operation as a generator to the operation as a motor in order to drive the motor vehicle.

A pickup unit of an agricultural baler that includes a reel with a plurality of tines configured for lifting a crop material from a field, the reel is rotatable in an operating direction and a reverse direction, and a drive system configured for driving the reel. The drive system includes a gearbox configured for receiving motive power from a power take off (PTO) shaft, a drive shaft operably connected to the gearbox, and a first clutch connected to the drive shaft. The first clutch is configured for operably disconnecting motive power to the reel so that the reel is manually rotatable as the PTO shaft remains operably engaged with the gearbox.

A pickup unit of an agricultural baler that includes a reel with a plurality of tines configured for lifting a crop material from a field, the reel is rotatable in an operating direction and a reverse direction, and a drive system configured for driving the reel. The drive system includes a gearbox configured for receiving motive power from a power take off (PTO) shaft, a drive shaft operably connected to the gearbox, and a first clutch connected to the drive shaft. The first clutch is configured for operably disconnecting motive power to the reel so that the reel is manually rotatable as the PTO shaft remains operably engaged with the gearbox.

A method for operating a motor vehicle drivetrain having a transmission connected between a drive aggregate and a drive output, a Power Take-Off (PTO) that can be coupled to the drive aggregate on drive aggregate side to take up drive torque from the drive aggregate. In order to determine the torque taken up by the PTO, the transmission is first shifted to interrupt torque to the transmission output. Thereafter, a defined torque is delivered by the drive aggregate, at least with the PTO coupled to the drive aggregate, and, during this at defined time-points, rotational speeds of a shaft driven by the drive aggregate are determined and from this an angular acceleration of the shaft is determined. A first torque of the shaft is determined from the shaft angular acceleration while the PTO is coupled. Based on the first torque, the torque taken up by the PTO is determined.

A system and method for controlling a hybrid vehicle having an engine, a traction motor, and an automatic step-ratio transmission having a plurality of selectable discrete gear ratios, a torque converter, and sharing a common cooling fluid or oil with the traction motor, include a controller configured to shift the automatic step-ratio transmission to neutral in response to vehicle speed being below a threshold with the engine idling while temperatures of at least two of: the traction battery, the electric machine, and the transmission are above associated thresholds to reduce heat generation by the torque converter due to oil shear with the torque converter stalled. The controller may shift the transmission to drive in response to release of a brake pedal. A neutral shift may also be performed in response to high-voltage accessory loads or on-board generator loads exceeding a threshold.