A method for carrying out a distance-regulating or speed-regulating function for a single-track motor vehicle. An activated distance-regulating or speed-regulating function can be deactivated by the driver through actuation of a brake operating element, if the actuation intensity of the brake operating element exceeds a first threshold value. The presence of a collision risk is ascertained by an environmental sensor system. When there is a risk of collision, an emergency braking assistance function is activated through the actuation of the brake operating element by the driver with an actuation intensity exceeding a second threshold value. The second threshold value is lower than the first threshold value. The activated distance-regulating or speed-regulating function is continued independently of the driver after the termination of the emergency braking assistance function, with the settings that were present before the activation of the emergency braking assistance function.

A hybrid vehicle includes: a crankcase having a main chamber formed in a case body and accommodating at least a crankshaft, an input shaft, an output shaft, and a gear train, the crankcase further having a subsidiary chamber formed between the case body and a cover and accommodating at least a main clutch; a rotary member disposed in the subsidiary chamber so as to be capable of power transmission to the input shaft; and a power transmission member that transmits drive power from a drive motor to the rotary member.

A method for changing between a multiplicity of discrete transmission ratio stages in a motorcycle gearbox is provided. In response to a shift demand, during the torque-transmitting connection of a drive shaft of the drive machine to a gearbox input shaft, a gear-selection drum of the transmission is rotatable from a first shifting position to an intermediate position which is situated between the first and a second shifting position, before shifting to the second shift position. In the intermediate position, no drive torque can be transmitted from the gearbox input shaft to a gearbox output shaft. During the gear selection drum movement from the first shifting position and the intermediate position, the drum may be rotated to a rest position in which drive torque can be transmitted from the gearbox input shaft to a gearbox output shaft.

The invention obtains a controller and a control method capable of appropriately assisting with an operation by a driver while preventing a motorcycle from falling over. In the controller and the control method according to the invention, in a control mode to make the motorcycle perform an automatic cruise deceleration operation, automatic deceleration that is deceleration of the motorcycle generated by the automatic cruise deceleration operation is controlled in accordance with a lean angle of the motorcycle.

The invention obtains a controller and a control method capable of improving safety by an automatic deceleration operation while preventing a motorcycle from falling over. The invention also obtains a brake system that includes such a controller. In the controller, the control method, and the brake system according to the invention, a control mode is initiated in response to trigger information that is generated in accordance with peripheral environment of the motorcycle, and the control mode makes the motorcycle, which includes a damping device damping kinetic energy, execute the automatic deceleration operation. In the control mode, the automatic deceleration operation is executed in a state where a damping rate of the damping device is increased to be higher than that immediately before initiation of the control mode.

The invention obtains a controller and a control method capable of appropriately assisting with an operation by a driver while preventing a motorcycle from falling over. In the controller and the control method according to the invention, in a control mode to make the motorcycle perform an automatic cruise deceleration operation, automatic deceleration that is deceleration of the motorcycle generated by the automatic cruise deceleration operation is controlled in accordance with a change rate of a state amount that is related to posture of the motorcycle during turning travel.

A hybrid vehicle includes: an internal combustion engine; an electric motor; a controller; a transmission including an input shaft that receives power inputted from the internal combustion engine and the electric motor and an output shaft that outputs power to a drive wheel; and a clutch disposed in a first power transmission route between the internal combustion engine and the input shaft. The electric motor is connected to the input shaft so as to transmit power to the input shaft through a second power transmission route different from the first power transmission route. The controller changes the manner of controlling the electric motor upon switching of the state of power transmission from the internal combustion engine and the electric motor.

A controller and a control method capable of appropriately assisting with a rider's operation while suppressing falling of a motorcycle, departure of the motorcycle from a lane, a difficulty of the motorcycle in adaptive cruise, and the like is disclosed.

In the controller and the control method according to the present invention, in a control mode to make the motorcycle perform autonomous cruise acceleration operation, automatic acceleration that is acceleration generated to the motorcycle by the autonomous cruise acceleration operation is controlled in accordance with a lean angle of the motorcycle.

A control apparatus of a hybrid leaning vehicle includes: a travel mode request section that requests one travel mode selected from a plurality of travel modes including a first travel mode in which an engine is stopped and an electric motor is operated and a second travel mode in which the engine is operated; and a travel mode setting section. When the travel mode request section requests the second travel mode during travel in the first travel mode, the travel mode setting section, upon determining that a steady turning condition is satisfied, sets the second travel mode as the travel mode to be executed and, upon determining that the steady turning condition is not satisfied, prohibits the second travel mode from being set as the travel mode to be executed.

A leaning-vehicle-traveling-state-data-output device includes a physical-quantity-data acquirer configured to acquire physical quantity data concerning a behavior of a leaning vehicle, a vehicle-traveling-state-data generator configured to generate vehicle-traveling-state data based on the physical quantity data and a vehicle-traveling-state-data-output controller configured to output the vehicle-traveling-state data. The vehicle-traveling-state-data generator generates vehicle-traveling-state data of the leaning vehicle in each of sections based on physical quantity data, the sections being obtained by dividing, into a plurality of sections, a single corner on which the leaning vehicle turns while leaning to perform a yaw motion continuously in an identical direction, the physical quantity data being acquired by the physical-quantity-data acquirer and concerning a behavior of the leaning vehicle while the leaning vehicle turns left on the corner while leaning leftward or turns right on the corner while leaning rightward.