An electrical passenger car, the electrical passenger car including: at least two electrically driven motors; speed control electronics; and wheels, where the wheels include a first front wheel, a second front wheel, a first back wheel, and a second back wheel, where the first back wheel radius is at least 20% greater than the first front wheel radius, where the speed control electronics control the at least two electrically driven motors to provide a greater torque to the first front wheel than to the first back wheel, and where the electrical passenger car is designed to travel for a greater distance for the same axial to wheel friction energy loss than a similar electrical passenger car having wheels of a smaller radius.

An eco-friendly vehicle and a hill descent control method therefor are provided to enable stable driving on a downhill road. The method includes detecting a downhill road inclination based on a request for hill descent control and determining an average inclination and an inclination variation width based on the recognized downhill road inclination. First braking force of a main braking source from a motor and a hydraulic pressure brake system based on the average inclination and the inclination variation width, and second braking force of an auxiliary braking source from the motor and the hydraulic pressure brake system for each driving wheel based on a target speed set with respect to the hill descent control and a speed of each driving wheel are determined. The first and second braking force are output by a corresponding braking source from the motor and the hydraulic pressure brake system.

A PI/PID controller that generates a torque compensation value K.sub.PID through PI control or PID control, from a deviation between an allowable rotation speed and a rotation speed of a wheel; an adder that adds the torque compensation value to a torque command input value received from a higher-order controller, thereby obtaining a torque command output value; and a dead time compensator that has a control target model including a dead time and that applies a dead time compensation in generation of the torque compensation value by the Smith method. An input to the dead time compensator is an output of a P compensation or a PD compensation excluding an I compensation from a PI compensation or a PID compensation.

A driving consciousness estimation device includes a driving readiness estimation unit configured to estimate a driving readiness relating to a driving consciousness of the driver from a driver's reaction to the travelling environment, a driving task demand estimation unit configured to estimate a driving task demand which is an index required for the driver with respect to the driving readiness from the travelling environment, and an attention awakening unit configured to execute awakening of attention for the driver relating to the driving of the vehicle based on the result of comparison between the driving readiness and the driving task demand.

A vehicle control device having a prime mover, a first rotating member which is rotated by power of the prime mover, and a second rotating member which is connected to the first rotating member and which rotate a drive wheel, includes a deriving unit which derive a prime mover request output that is an output requested by the prime mover in accordance with a request output to the drive wheel, and a control unit which increase or decrease a rotation speed of the prime mover between a lower limit rotation speed and an upper limit rotation speed in accordance with a change in a rotation speed of the drive wheel. The control unit increases or decreases the rotation speed of the prime mover without changing a power output by the prime mover or an output of the first rotating member in accordance with the prime mover request output.

An object is to provide an attitude control system that can suppress an understeering characteristic when a vehicle such as an automobile travels in a medium-speed or low-speed range. A vehicle drives front wheels, and controls steering angles of the front wheels and steering angles of rear wheels. In an attitude control system to be mounted on the vehicle, a control amount detecting unit detects an operation amount of an accelerator pedal operated by a driver of the vehicle. A driving force estimating unit estimates a driving force generated on the front wheels based on the operation amount of the accelerator pedal. A rear-wheel steering angle determining unit determines a rear-wheel steering angle instruction value for controlling steering angles of the rear wheels based on an estimated front-wheel driving force that is the driving force estimated by the driving force estimating unit.

A control system of a wheel of a vehicle includes: a wheel speed sensor configured to measure a wheel speed of wheels of the vehicle; a data storage configured to store data relating to a plurality of abnormal patterns based on a slip state or a lock state of each wheel; and a controller configured to extract wheel speed pattern data using wheel speeds measured from the wheel speed sensor, to compare the extracted wheel speed pattern data with the stored data relating to the plurality of abnormal patterns, to determine an abnormal pattern among the plurality of abnormal patterns most similar to the extracted wheel speed pattern data according to the comparison, and to detect an abnormal wheel among the wheels of the vehicle based on the determined abnormal pattern.

A vehicle speed control system for a vehicle having a plurality of wheels, the vehicle speed control system comprising one or more electronic control units configured to carry out a method that includes applying torque to at least one of the plurality of wheels, detecting a slip event between any one or more of the wheels and the ground over which the vehicle is travelling when the vehicle is in motion and providing a slip detection output signal in the event thereof. The method carried out by the one or more electronic control units further includes receiving a user input of a target speed at which the vehicle is intended to travel and maintaining the vehicle at the target speed independently of the slip detection output signal by adjusting the amount of torque applied to the at least one of the plurality of wheels.

A robot system includes a mobile robot provided with a driving wheel and a driving motor, a load cell provided in the mobile robot, a spring connected to the load cell, an auxiliary wheel connected to the spring, and a controller configured to change a speed of the driving motor according to a sensing value of the load cell.

A control apparatus is applied to a vehicle including (i) a rotating electrical machine and (ii) a wheel speed sensor detecting a wheel speed. The control apparatus sets a rotation angle of the rotating electrical machine based on an estimated value of the rotation angle which is estimated based on a detection value of the wheel speed sensor.