A method of manufacturing a torsion bar for a steering system is provided. The method includes supporting a torsion bar blank on a cold forming machine with a plurality of dies at a first end region of the torsion bar blank and a second end region of the torsion bar blank. The method also includes rolling the torsion bar blank to form an end region having a cylindrical outer surface extending from an axial end surface and a serrated portion disposed proximate the end region and axially offset from the axial end surface.

A driving support ECU initializes a target trajectory calculation parameter at a start of LCA; calculates, based on the target trajectory calculation parameter, a target trajectory function representing a target lateral position which is a target position of an own vehicle in a lane width direction in accordance with an elapsed time from the start of LCA; calculates a target control amount based on the target trajectory function; when a steering operation by a driver has been detected, again initializes the target trajectory calculation parameter; and recalculates the target trajectory function based on the target trajectory calculation parameter.

A driving support ECU initializes a target trajectory calculation parameter at a start of LCA; calculates, based on the target trajectory calculation parameter, a target trajectory function representing a target lateral position which is a target position of an own vehicle in a lane width direction in accordance with an elapsed time from the start of LCA; calculates a target control amount based on the target trajectory function; when a steering operation by a driver has been detected, again initializes the target trajectory calculation parameter; and recalculates the target trajectory function based on the target trajectory calculation parameter.

A driving support apparatus estimates an expected route of an own vehicle, calculates an effective length of the expected route, and alerts a driver of the own vehicle when it is determined that there exists an object which crosses a part within the effective length within a predetermined time. A formula of a circle with a radius of an estimated turning radius is used for an expected route formula expressing the expected route. Once it is determined that the own vehicle is trying to start turning left or right, the driving support apparatus calculates a turning angle of the own vehicle, and calculates the effective length of the expected route using a value based on a product of the estimated turning radius and a remaining turning angle which is an angle obtained by subtracting the turning angle from a predetermined angle.

A trailer for towing by a power vehicle is provided and generally includes a frame, a tandem wheel assembly and an extension assembly. The frame forms an undercarriage chassis and the tandem wheel assembly is positioned under the undercarriage chassis. The tandem wheel assembly includes a front wheel assembly and a rear wheel assembly having a drive assembly. The extension assembly moves the front wheel assembly between trailing position and a self-propelled position.

An emergency steering system for a vehicle, may include a planetary gear mounted in an inlet space of a gear box for a steering apparatus so that the planetary gear is ordinarily operated at a gear ratio of 1:1 and has an increased gear ratio in the event of failure of a main steering device; and a gear ratio increasing device mounted to an upper plate portion of the gear box to increase the gear ratio of the planetary gear.

Method for controlling a car, in particular a sports car, provided with a relative power train, relative braking devices and relative steering means, the method being based on a joystick comprising a lever, arranged in the car to identify a forward tilt and a backward tilt parallel to a longitudinal development of the car for interacting with said power train and with said braking devices, and two side tilts to the left and to the right for interacting with said steering means so as to determine a trajectory of the car, wherein the method, according to a first operating condition, comprises a first step of respectively associating said forward tilt and said backward tilt with a proportional forward and backward acceleration of the car.

A driving support ECU initializes a target trajectory calculation parameter at a start of LCA; calculates, based on the target trajectory calculation parameter, a target trajectory function representing a target lateral position which is a target position of an own vehicle in a lane width direction in accordance with an elapsed time from the start of LCA; calculates a target control amount based on the target trajectory function; when a steering operation by a driver has been detected, again initializes the target trajectory calculation parameter; and recalculates the target trajectory function based on the target trajectory calculation parameter.

A modular vehicle for transporting an individual, the vehicle comprising a main frame comprising a rear end and a front end opposite to the rear end, the main frame defining a longitudinal axis. The modular vehicle comprises at least two seats mounted side-by-side in a single row substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, each of the at least two seats adapted for seating an individual, each of the two seats comprising a seat surface; and a backrest facing substantially toward the front end. The modular vehicle further comprises a driving area at the rear end of the main frame for driving the vehicle.

The present invention provides a steering device equipped with a display including a steering wheel 100; a display 200 disposed at a position corresponding to a center portion of the steering wheel 100; an adapter 210 configured to fix the display 200; a steering feedback device 500 connected to the steering wheel 100 and the adapter 210 and including a non-rotating fixed portion and a rotating rotation portion; and a shaft located at a center portion inside the steering feedback device 500, the steering wheel 100 is connected to the rotation portion of the steering feedback device 500, and the adapter 210 is connected to the fixed portion of the steering feedback device 500.