A controller performs a prior determination by determining whether air cooling of a passenger compartment by free cooling control is possible based on a target value of a temperature in the passenger compartment that is set in advance, an outdoor air temperature, and an indoor temperature. The controller also performs a free cooling execution determination by determining whether to perform the free cooling control by comparing (i) a free cooling performance value that depends on a temperature difference between the outdoor air temperature and the indoor temperature and indicates a capacity of air cooling by the free cooling control, and (ii) an indoor heat load value that depends on a vehicle occupancy rate of passengers in the passenger compartment and indicates a difficulty of a temperature decrease in the passenger compartment.

Air conditioning system is at least partially located in a room comprising at least one seat. The system comprises at least one main supply air inlet opening into the room and arranged at a height of ≤0.3 m above a floor of the room, or on the floor, at least one air outlet opening into the room and arranged at a height of <0.3 m below a ceiling of the room, or in the ceiling, and at least one assisting supply air inlet opening into the room and arranged at a height between first and second points of the seat. The first point is the point of the seat having the largest distance to the floor of the room in a direction perpendicular to the floor. The second point is the point of the armrest of the seat having the largest distance to the floor in the direction.

The application relates to roof segments for constructing a roof of a carriage body for a rail vehicle for passenger transport, in particular for use in short-haul operation, such as underground and suburban trains, the rail vehicles or the train units formed by same must be accelerated and decelerated at short intervals. The roof segments are designed in the form of plates, shells or half-shells and consist of an outer wall and an inner wall at a distance to same. At least two roof segments are configured in such a way that the protruding region of the outer wall or inner wall of one roof segment is interlockingly, force-lockingly and/or integrally connected to the non-protruding region of the outer wall or inner wall of the neighbouring roof segment. The roof segments consist at least partially of a fibre-reinforced plastic composite.

A railcar air conditioning duct according to one aspect which guides air fed from an air conditioner mounted on a railcar. The railcar includes: a duct wall forming an air flow passage which guides air in a car longitudinal direction; and a plurality of through holes lined up in the car longitudinal direction, the through holes being open at the duct wall as air outlet ports through which the air in the air flow passage is blown from the air flow passage toward a passenger room. A ratio of an opening area of one of the through holes to an area of one of a plurality of partial regions formed by dividing, in the car longitudinal direction, an inner surface of a lower wall portion such that in plan view, the regions contain the respective through holes falls within a range of 2.0% or more and 7.5% or less.

The invention relates to a method for supplying air at a controlled temperature to a cabin of a surface vehicle in which at least one air cycle device is used, comprising at least one motorized turbocompressor. The air inlet of the turbine is arranged to receive a compressed airflow from the compressor. At least one exchanger is interposed between the air outlet of the compressor and the air inlet of the turbine. The air inlet of the compressor is arranged to receive air at a pressure greater than or equal to atmospheric pressure. The invention likewise relates to a surface vehicle comprising at least one such air cycle device.

An air flow regulator for a railway vehicle is configured so that the rattling of bars can be prevented without using welding, an affixation member, etc. An intake grill is provided at an intake opening for sucking air from an interior of a railway vehicle. The intake grill includes a frame, bars, and a reinforcement capable of deforming the bars. The frame defines an outer edge of the intake opening. The bars are plate-shaped members spanned between portions of the frame to connect the portions to each other. The reinforcement elastically deforms the bars to generate reaction force therein.

Provided is a railway vehicle air-conditioning duct that is capable of achieving a more uniform in-cabin temperature distribution through more appropriate volume distribution of conditioned air. A railway vehicle air-conditioning duct that supplies conditioned air generated by an air conditioner into a cabin and that extends in a vehicle length direction at a vehicle ceiling part has: a main duct; a chamber duct; a branch duct; and a guide part. The guide part is lower in height than the main duct, extends to a branch duct from the main duct or a partition wall in the main duct in a vehicle width direction, and supplies to the branch duct a portion of the conditioned air supplied to the main duct.

An air purification system for use with rail car HVAC system to remove or destroy harmful pathogens in the air. The air purification system has a housing with an inlet, an outlet, and a passageway extending between the inlet and the outlet. An intense field generator and filter is used to charge any particles in the air and remove them from the air flow. An ultraviolet radiation source is positioned to direct ultraviolet illumination into the passageway. Finally, a dielectric barrier discharge unit having a high voltage electrode coupled to a dielectric barrier and a ground electrode spaced apart from the high voltage electrode is used to form a low temperature plasma chamber is in communication with the passageway so that the ions created in the plasma chamber will attach to and destroy any remaining particles in the air flow.

The invention relates to a method for supplying air at a controlled temperature to a cabin (10) of a surface vehicle in which at least one air cycle device is used, comprising at least one motorised turbocompressor. The air inlet (16) of the turbine (14) is arranged to receive a compressed airflow from the compressor (15). At least one exchanger (20, 32) is interposed between the air outlet (19) of the compressor (15) and the air inlet (16) of the turbine (14). The air inlet (18) of the compressor (15) is arranged to receive air at a pressure greater than or equal to atmospheric pressure. The invention likewise relates to a surface vehicle comprising at least one such air cycle device.

A vehicle air-conditioning apparatus includes a refrigerant circuit including a heat exchanger, a fan which sends air to the heat exchanger, and a controller which controls the refrigerant circuit and the fan. The vehicle air-conditioning apparatus is mounted on a vehicle. The controller determines if a position of the vehicle or a speed of the vehicle satisfies a predetermined condition. The controller acquires a physical quantity, the physical quantity having already been correlated with a clogging amount of the heat exchanger and the correlation being dependent on whether the predetermined condition is satisfied. The controller determines whether or not clogging occurs in the heat exchanger based on the physical quantity.