A modular chassis is provided for an off-road vehicle to improve assembly, servicing, and repairing of a drivetrain of the off-road vehicle. The modular chassis includes a chassis to support components of the off-road vehicle. A front frame module couples with a front of the chassis, and a rear frame module couples with a rear of the chassis. The front frame module supports lower suspension arms of the off-road vehicle by way of inboard bushing joints. The front frame module supports at least a steering gear and a front differential of the off-road vehicle. The rear frame module is a tube-frame structure that supports components of the off-road vehicle. A lower portion of the rear frame module extends rearward and acutely upward to a top frame member that couples with upper side portions of the chassis. Several cross-members impart structural integrity to the rear frame module.

A suspension joining structure includes: a lower arm having one end fastened to a vehicle body; an assist knuckle having a strut thereon; a fastening unit configured to connect one end of the lower arm and a lower end of the assist knuckle to each other; a suspension fastened to the assist knuckle and rotating independently of the assist knuckle for steering of a wheel; a steering input part connected to the assist knuckle, and configured such that a steering force is applied to the suspension upon steering; and a rotation transfer unit arranged between the suspension and the steering input part.

A suspension joining structure includes: a lower arm having one end fastened to a vehicle body; an assist knuckle having a strut thereon; a fastening unit configured to connect one end of the lower arm and a lower end of the assist knuckle to each other; a suspension fastened to the assist knuckle and rotating independently of the assist knuckle for steering of a wheel; a steering input part connected to the assist knuckle, and configured such that a steering force is applied to the suspension upon steering; and a rotation transfer unit arranged between the suspension and the steering input part.

An apparatus and a method are provided for an offset tie rod joint for vehicle steering systems. The offset tie rod joint comprises a ball rotatably retained within a casing that is disposed in an opening of an offset housing. A threaded shank fixedly coupled with the offset housing is received by a steering rod. The opening is displaced from a longitudinal axis of the threaded shank by a distance that provides clearance between the offset housing and a spindle assembly during articulation of the spindle assembly during steering. A rear backstop and a front snap-ring in a groove retain the casing within the opening. A bore extending through the ball receives a bolt that fixates the ball between parallel prongs of the spindle assembly. A misalignment spacer on each side of the ball provides clearance for rotation of the ball within the offset housing.

An apparatus and a method are provided for an offset tie rod joint for vehicle steering systems. The offset tie rod joint comprises a ball rotatably retained within a casing that is disposed in an opening of an offset housing. A threaded shank fixedly coupled with the offset housing is received by a steering rod. The opening is displaced from a longitudinal axis of the threaded shank by a distance that provides clearance between the offset housing and a spindle assembly during articulation of the spindle assembly during steering. A rear backstop and a front snap-ring in a groove retain the casing within the opening. A bore extending through the ball receives a bolt that fixates the ball between parallel prongs of the spindle assembly. A misalignment spacer on each side of the ball provides clearance for rotation of the ball within the offset housing.

A movable object includes: a body part forming a main body; a wheel provided on a left side or a right side of the body part; a steering module connecting the body part and the wheel, wherein the steering module controls movement of the wheel in a manner that steers the wheel to the left when the wheel moves upward with respect to the body part, and steers the wheel to the right when the wheel moves downward with respect to the body part.

A movable object includes: a body part forming a main body; a wheel provided on a left side or a right side of the body part; a steering module connecting the body part and the wheel, wherein the steering module controls movement of the wheel in a manner that steers the wheel to the left when the wheel moves upward with respect to the body part, and steers the wheel to the right when the wheel moves downward with respect to the body part.

Methods and systems are provided for a steering system for a vehicle. In one example, the steering system may include a steering assembly with a first linkage assembly extending along a first direction between a vehicle steering wheel and a first wheel plate of the steering assembly. The steering system may also include a second linkage assembly with a sliding middle link extending along a second direction between the first wheel plate and a second wheel plate of the steering assembly.

Methods and systems are provided for a steering system for a vehicle. In one example, the steering system may include a steering assembly with a first linkage assembly extending along a first direction between a vehicle steering wheel and a first wheel plate of the steering assembly. The steering system may also include a second linkage assembly with a sliding middle link extending along a second direction between the first wheel plate and a second wheel plate of the steering assembly.

An apparatus and a method are provided for an offset tie rod joint for vehicle steering systems. The offset tie rod joint comprises a ball rotatably retained within a casing that is disposed in an opening of an offset housing. A threaded shank fixedly coupled with the offset housing is received by a steering rod. The opening is displaced from a longitudinal axis of the threaded shank by a distance that provides clearance between the offset housing and a spindle assembly during articulation of the spindle assembly during steering. A rear backstop and a front snap-ring in a groove retain the casing within the opening. A bore extending through the ball receives a bolt that fixates the ball between parallel prongs of the spindle assembly. A misalignment spacer on each side of the ball provides clearance for rotation of the ball within the offset housing.