A rod reducer can comprise a reducing mechanism, a hinge mechanism, a handle mechanism and a bearing mechanism. The reducing mechanism can comprise a first elongate member extending along an axis to engage a bone anchor, and a second elongate member configured to slide along the first elongate member to engage a rod. The hinge mechanism can slidably couple the first and second elongate members such that the elongate members can translate against each other. The handle mechanism can comprise handles coupled to the hinge mechanism and configured to cause the first and second elongate members to translate relative to each other. The beating mechanism can be configured to permit the handles to rotate about the axis independent of the elongate members. Methods of using the rotating rod reducer can include rotating the handles out of the way of adjacent levels of a spinal column being simultaneously reduced.

A surgical instrument comprising a shaft, an end effector, and an articulation joint is disclosed. The end effector is rotatably connected to the shaft about the articulation joint, wherein the end effector is rotatable between a first orientation and a second orientation, wherein the shaft comprises a longitudinal axis and the end effector comprises a tissue gap, wherein the tissue gap faces the longitudinal axis when the end effector is in its first orientation, and wherein the tissue gap extends at an angle relative to the longitudinal axis when the end effector is in its second orientation. The surgical instrument further comprises an articulation drive system configured to articulate the end effector relative to the shaft and a dampener configured to prevent the end effector from being back-driven from its second orientation into its first orientation.

A retrieval device may have a contracted state and an expanded state. The retrieval device may include a sheath and at least three support members. Each of the support members may have a first portion with a first cross-sectional shape and a second portion with a second cross-sectional shape different from the first cross-sectional shape. A proximal end fixed of each of the support members may be coupled to the sheath, and a distal end may be movable relative to the sheath. The retrieval device may further include at least three movable members movable relative to the support members. Each movable member may extend through a lumen of one support member of the at least three support members and through a lumen of a different support member of the at least three support members.

An apparatus for removing a hook embedded within a tissue is presented. The hook has a barb extending from a point section of the hook. The apparatus includes a clamping device configured to secure the hook. A probe is coupled to the clamping device. The probe has a tip portion configured to fit within a space between the barb and the point section of the hook to allow the hook to be removed from the tissue.

An example retraction system includes a first retraction assembly, the first retraction assembly including a first arm coupled to a rack, a second arm coupled to the rack, a first retractor blade coupled to the first arm and a second retractor blade coupled to the second arm. The retraction system also includes a second retraction assembly, the second retraction assembly including a carriage configured to engage a blade post having a blade coupled to a distal end and a handle coupled to a proximal end, the blade post adjustable relative to the carriage. The retraction system also includes a third retractor blade coupled to the blade post.

A handle assembly for a tissue resection device may include a handle including an elongate tubular body defining a central longitudinal axis, and a palm grip extending from the elongate tubular body, the palm grip being configured to be engaged by a palm of a user; a trigger member extending from the elongate tubular body, the trigger member being configured to be engaged by one or more fingers of the user; and a drive mechanism disposed within the elongate tubular body, the drive mechanism being configured to move a tissue resection element extending distally from the elongate tubular body. The trigger member is engaged with the drive mechanism such that translation of the trigger member relative to the handle actuates the drive mechanism. The trigger member is configured to translate parallel to the central longitudinal axis between a first position and a second position.

Embodiments of the disclosure are directed to a ligament repair system and method. The ligament repair system may include one or more of a femoral aimer assembly, a tibial aimer assembly, a femoral fixation assembly, and a tibial fixation assembly.

Medical retractors for providing access to a natural or clinician-formed body cavity are provided. An example of such a medical retractor may include an elongated handle member having a distal end and a proximal end, the elongated handle member configured to be held in a clinician's hand, a retractor blade configured for insertion into a body cavity and blade-handle coupling mechanism that rotatably couples a distal end of the elongated handle member and to a proximal end of the retractor blade. The elongated handle member can be rotated to improve access to the body cavity. Related medical retractor kits and methods are operation are also provided.

A method for resetting a stapling apparatus includes providing an apparatus with a cam member in a fired position. A circuit of the apparatus is then changed from a first polarity state to a second polarity state. A motor of the apparatus is then activated to rotate the cam member from a fired position back to a home position while the circuit is in the second polarity state.

User interface devices for manipulating a robotic surgical tool in a surgical robotic system are described. A user interface device can include a device housing having a gripping surface symmetrically disposed about a central axis. The gripping surface can include a surface of revolution about the central axis. A tracking sensor can be mounted within the device housing to generate spatial state signals in response to movement of the device housing. The spatial state signals can be used to control motion of robotic system actuators. A finger clutch can be disposed at an end of the device housing, and can generate a clutch signal in response to a touch by a user. The clutch signal can be used to pause the motion of the robotic system actuators. Other embodiments are also described and claimed.