A hydraulic operating device comprises a base member, an operating member, and a piston. The base member includes a first end portion, a second end portion, a cylinder bore, a first hose-attachment hole, and a second hose-attachment hole. The second end portion is opposite to the first end portion. The first hose-attachment hole is configured to be in fluid communication with the cylinder bore. The second hose-attachment hole is configured to be in fluid communication with the cylinder bore. The operating member is pivotally coupled to the base member at the first end portion about a pivot axis. The first hose-attachment hole and the second hose-attachment hole are provided closer to the pivot axis than the second end portion.

A hydraulic operating device comprises a base member, an operating member, a piston, and a mounting member. The base member includes a cylinder bore, a first hose-attachment hole, and a second hose-attachment hole. The first hose-attachment hole is configured to be in fluid communication with the cylinder bore. The second hose-attachment hole is configured to be in fluid communication with the cylinder bore. The mounting member includes a mount opening through which the handlebar is to extend. The mount opening has a mount center axis. The base member includes a support portion configured to contact an outer circumferential surface of the handlebar without clamping the handlebar in a mounting state where the handlebar extends through the mount opening of the mounting member.

A bicycle hub assembly includes a hub shell including a braking surface. A coaster brake shoe is accommodated in the hub shell and cooperates with the braking surface to generate braking force. A motor is accommodated in the hub shell and configured to be controlled for at least changing or maintaining a gear ratio.

A friction brake for a vehicle power shift transmission is disclosed. The friction brake includes a load gear that is rotatably driveable about a centre longitudinal. A friction braking device is provided for decelerating and/or fixing the load gear. An actuating device for actuating the friction braking device, the actuating device includes an moveable spreading piston. The moveable spreading piston while performing a spread along the centre longitudinal axis automatically materialising as a function of a load torque provided on the load gear, provides a braking force for actuating the friction braking device.

Techniques are disclosed for systems and methods associated with a powertrain for a micro-mobility fleet vehicle. The fleet vehicle may include at least one drive wheel to provide tractive contact between the flee vehicle and a road surface, an electric motor mechanically coupled to the drive wheel and configured to provide motive force for the fleet vehicle, a brake resistor configured to provide dynamic braking of the motor, and a motor controller electronically coupling the brake resistor to the motor. The motor controller may be configured to control the motive force provided by the motor using the brake resistor. The motor controller may be configured to limit a speed, power, and/or acceleration of the motor using the brake resistor based on an operational environment of, and/or on a directive received by, the fleet vehicle. The brake resistor may provide a relatively wide range of traction control for the fleet vehicle.

A saddle-riding-type vehicle cable support structure is a cable support structure configured to support a first cable and a second cable that are joined to a side part of a wheel, the cable support structure including: a joint section provided on a middle of the first cable and which is fixed to a vehicle body; and a second cable support member attached to the joint section and which supports the second cable.

A bicycle hub assembly includes a hub shell including a braking surface. A coaster brake shoe is accommodated in the hub shell and cooperates with the braking surface to generate braking force. A motor is accommodated in the hub shell and configured to be controlled for at least changing or maintaining a gear ratio.

A method implemented by one or more processors includes receiving vehicle data associated with an operation of a micromobility vehicle, and determining, based on the vehicle data, a braking action to be performed by the micromobility vehicle. The braking action is configured to effect the operation of the micromobility vehicle. The method further includes identifying, based at least in part on one or more components of a powertrain of the micromobility vehicle, one or more authentication identifiers associated with a secured functionality of the one or more components of the powertrain, and in response to determining that the one or more authentication identifiers satisfies a predetermined condition, causing the micromobility vehicle to perform the braking action.

A motorcycle, including a rear wheel with a hub motor, having a hub motor axis with first and second opposite end portions, and a swingarm including a first and second arms, where the first and second arms include first and second coupling recesses, respectively, which are configured to receive the first and second end portions of the hub motor axis, respectively, and have each an open side to allow to uncouple the hub motor axis from the swingarm and remove the wheel from the motorcycle, where the first and second coupling recesses have a main extension direction, where the motorcycle may include a disc brake (5, 6) arranged on the side of the first arm of the swingarm, where the disc brake (5, 6) includes a braking disc rotationally integral with the wheel and a brake caliper fixed to the swingarm where, the brake caliper is angularly spaced about the motor axis on the hub relative to the main extension direction so as to allow removing the wheel from the motorcycle without the brake disc mechanically interfering with the brake caliper, where the motorcycle may also include a fender associated with the rear wheel either in addition or as alternatively to the disc and where the main extension direction is such as to allow to remove the wheel from the motorcycle without the wheel mechanically interfering with the fender.

A method for assisting a driver of a two-wheeled vehicle. The method includes sensing and evaluating a driving environment of the motorcycle as a function of a driving state of the motorcycle, especially an inclination of the motorcycle, in order to detect objects in the driving environment; determining a hazard potential as a function of the detected objects and the driving state; and warning the driver and/or triggering a driver assistance system and/or a vehicle safety system of the motorcycle as a function of the determined hazard potential.