A medical device, including: a cooling system; a heating system; and an applicator including a cold base operationally coupled to the cooling system and a heating element operationally coupled to the heating system, and an applicator head collocated with the cold base and the heating element and adapted for applying a combination of heat and cold to a target area such as target tissue.

A system, method and leak signal discriminator for detection of a leak or mechanical breach in a catheter shaft in the presence of an electrical interferer are disclosed. According to one aspect, a leak signal discriminator having a leak detection circuit is configured to distinguish between a leak signal arising from a leak in a catheter and an interfering signal arising from an electrical interferer. The leak signal discriminator includes circuitry configured to receive from the leak detection circuit a response signal responsive to a test signal the test signal having component signals, each component signal being at a different frequency, and distinguish between a leak and an electrical interferer based at least in part on an evaluation of the response signal

A system, method and leak signal discriminator for detection of a leak or mechanical breach in a catheter shaft in the presence of an electrical interferer are disclosed. According to one aspect, a leak signal discriminator having a leak detection circuit is configured to distinguish between a leak signal arising from a leak in a catheter and an interfering signal arising from an electrical interferer. The leak signal discriminator includes circuitry configured to receive from the leak detection circuit a response signal responsive to a test signal the test signal having component signals, each component signal being at a different frequency, and distinguish between a leak and an electrical interferer based at least in part on an evaluation of the response signal

An apparatus for cooling tissues which are treated with an energy-based device, such as a laser, is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a spray nozzle which generates an atomized liquid spray for the treatment area, wherein the atomized liquid spray is based on a mixture of liquid and gas. Further, the spray nozzle comprises at least one liquid outlet which ejects a liquid, and at least one gas outlet which ejects a gas stream. Besides, the apparatus for cooling comprises at least one delivery means for delivering pressurized gas to the spray nozzle; and a pumping means for the liquid, wherein the pumping means is configured to operate in pulses.

Described herein is a system including a catheter, an optical circuit, a pulsed field ablation energy source, and a processing device. The catheter includes a proximal section, a distal section, and a shaft coupled between the proximal section and the distal section. The optical circuit is configured to transport light at least partially from the proximal section to the distal section and back. The pulsed field ablation energy source is coupled to the catheter and configured to transmit pulsed electrical signals to a tissue sample. The processing device is configured to analyze one or more optical signals received from the optical circuit to determine changes in polarization or phase retardation of light reflected or scattered by the tissue sample, and determine changes in a birefringence of the tissue sample based on the changes in polarization or phase retardation.

A cooled radiofrequency ablation system and method are provided. In particular, a method to map active radiofrequency channels to respective pump assemblies for cooled radiofrequency ablation is provided. The system includes a pump system having a plurality of pump assemblies, a radiofrequency generator unit, and a plurality of cooled radiofrequency probes, wherein each cooled radiofrequency probe comprises a cable-tubing assembly having a radiofrequency cable connected to the radiofrequency generator unit and fluid tubing in communication with a pump assembly and connected to a cooling fluid source. Each pump assembly of the plurality of pump assemblies is activated individually in sequence. The system and method map each cooled radiofrequency probe to a respective pump assembly connected thereto by measuring a temperature drop delay time at the tip of each probe. The system and method can further detect the presence of multiple probes daisy-chained to a single pump assembly.

A cooled radiofrequency ablation system and method are provided. In particular, a method to map active radiofrequency channels to respective pump assemblies for cooled radiofrequency ablation is provided. The system includes a pump system having a plurality of pump assemblies, a radiofrequency generator unit, and a plurality of cooled radiofrequency probes, wherein each cooled radiofrequency probe comprises a cable-tubing assembly having a radiofrequency cable connected to the radiofrequency generator unit and fluid tubing in communication with a pump assembly and connected to a cooling fluid source. Each pump assembly of the plurality of pump assemblies is activated individually in sequence. The system and method map each cooled radiofrequency probe to a respective pump assembly connected thereto by measuring a temperature drop delay time at the tip of each probe. The system and method can further detect the presence of multiple probes daisy-chained to a single pump assembly.

A device, system, and method for treating an area of tissue and evaluating lesion formation and quality. The system may include a medical device having a plurality of mapping electrodes on a treatment element, the plurality of mapping electrodes being configured to record from the area of tissue at least one of unipolar impedance measurements, bipolar impedance measurements, local electrical activity, and pace threshold measurements before, during, and after circulation of the cryogenic fluid within the treatment element. These measurements may be transmitted to a control unit having processing circuitry configured to compare pre-treatment measurements, in-treatment measurements, and/or post-treatment measurements to each other and/or to threshold values to determine occlusion and/or lesion quality, such as lesion transmurality.

A device, system, and method for treating an area of tissue and evaluating lesion formation and quality. The system may include a medical device having a plurality of mapping electrodes on a treatment element, the plurality of mapping electrodes being configured to record from the area of tissue at least one of unipolar impedance measurements, bipolar impedance measurements, local electrical activity, and pace threshold measurements before, during, and after circulation of the cryogenic fluid within the treatment element. These measurements may be transmitted to a control unit having processing circuitry configured to compare pre-treatment measurements, in-treatment measurements, and/or post-treatment measurements to each other and/or to threshold values to determine occlusion and/or lesion quality, such as lesion transmurality.

A cryoballoon control device (2), catheter system and temperature display method are disclosed. The control device (2) acquires a plurality of balloon circumference temperature values obtained by circumference temperature sensors (4) circumferentially disposed on a cryoballoon (1) and a balloon center temperature value obtained from a center temperature sensor (5) disposed at a center of the cryoballoon (1) and, automatically adjusts a flow rate of a coolant introduced into the cryoballoon (1) based on a comparison between a preset balloon temperature value and a comparative temperature value, to enable a temperature adjustment to the cryoballoon (1), wherein the comparative temperature value is the balloon center temperature value, any one of the balloon circumference temperature values, or a computational temperature value derived by a predefined algorithm from the plurality of balloon circumference temperature values. The cryoballoon catheter system is configured to display, on the display device (3), a plurality of balloon circumference temperature representation graphs surrounding a balloon center temperature representation graph, wherein when one of the balloon circumference temperature values exceeds a first predetermined threshold range, a corresponding one of the balloon circumference temperature representation graphs indicates a first alert condition which prompts an operator to adjust temperature of the cryoballoon (1).