A reduction reverse gear according to the invention of the present application includes: an input shaft to which rotational driving force from a main engine is input; a front-reverse housing accommodating forward-backward switching mechanisms with which the rotational driving force from the input shaft is switched among forward, neutral, and backward; an output shaft through which the rotational driving force from the forward-backward switching mechanisms is output; and a reduction housing accommodating a reduction mechanism with which the rotational driving force from the output shaft is reduced to be transmitted to a propeller shaft. The housings are detachably coupled to each other on front and rear sides in an axial direction. The input shaft and the output shaft are arranged on the same plane while facing each other.

A method for controlling a marine propulsion device having an engine rotatably engaged with a transmission via a clutch, and rotatably engaged with a charging device for charging a battery. The method includes measuring a voltage of the battery and comparing the voltage to a minimum threshold. The method further includes increasing a speed of the engine when the voltage is below the minimum threshold, and also increasing a slip of the clutch when the speed of the engine is increased in response to the voltage being below the minimum threshold.

A method for controlling a marine propulsion device having an engine rotatably engaged with a transmission via a clutch, and rotatably engaged with a charging device for charging a battery. The method includes measuring a voltage of the battery and comparing the voltage to a minimum threshold. The method further includes increasing a speed of the engine when the voltage is below the minimum threshold, and also increasing a slip of the clutch when the speed of the engine is increased in response to the voltage being below the minimum threshold.

An outboard motor includes an engine, a drive shaft, and a shift shaft disposed forward of the drive shaft. The shift shaft includes a first shift shaft that extends in an upward-downward direction, a second shift shaft disposed below the first shift shaft and spaced apart from and rearward of the first shift shaft, the second shift shaft extending in the upward-downward direction, and a shift force transmission to transmit, to the second shift shaft, a shift force applied to the first shift shaft.

A forward/backward switching mechanism having an intermediate gear supported by an intermediate shaft perpendicular to a drive shaft is interposed between first and second input shafts. A clutch body is a dog clutch having upper and lower locking dogs. As the dog clutch moves along an axial direction of the second input shaft and is engaged with upper or lower gears, rotation of the first input shaft is forwardly or reversely transmitted to the second input shaft.

A forward/backward switching mechanism having an intermediate gear supported by an intermediate shaft perpendicular to a drive shaft is interposed between first and second input shafts. A clutch body is a dog clutch having upper and lower locking dogs. As the dog clutch moves along an axial direction of the second input shaft and is engaged with upper or lower gears, rotation of the first input shaft is forwardly or reversely transmitted to the second input shaft.

Power transmission systems including clutch arrangements and systems are adapted to be used in marine and other environments. Such power transmission systems may include clutch arrangements that provide more effective power transmission capabilities as well as greater durability and longer life. Slipping clutch arrangements may effectively vary the output speed of a clutch arrangement from the speed of the engine or other driver as desired for the particular application. Various clutch arrangements also provide for greater flexibility and drive options, lighter weight, and diverse types of capabilities.

A watercraft and associated pedal drive system are provided. The pedal drive system allows for unassisted manual pedaling to provide thrust to the watercraft. The pedal drive system also provides on demand pedal assistance of varying levels via an assist drive train having an electric motor to supplement the manual pedal force input provided by a user at the pedals of pedal drive system.

An outboard-motor vibration-isolating cooler system method providing a retrofit substitute for the midsection and the lower unit of a standard outboard motor, having a substitute closed-loop cooling system with an exterior heat exchanger, a substitute oil reservoir, a substitute exhaust system, and a substitute propulsion system with an isolating power-take-off shaft, allowing an existing standard outboard-motor powerhead to be used in conditions not conducive to standard open-loop water cooling, such as shallow-water, muddy-water, obstructed-water, seawater, or corrosive-water conditions.

Turning gear apparatus (10) for rotating a shaft (11) comprises a rotary drive arrangement (12) and a transmission system including a pivot arm (20). The rotary drive arrangement (12) is fixed, for example to a vessel hull (14), and the pivot arm (20) is pivotable between a first, shaft-disengaged, position and a second, shaft-engaged position where the rotary drive arrangement (12) is operably coupled to the shaft (11), thereby permitting control over rotation of the shaft (11) by the rotary drive arrangement (12).