Aerial vehicles may include propulsion units having motors with drive shafts that may be aligned at a variety of orientations, propellers with variable pitch blades, and common operators for aligning the drive shafts at one or more orientations and for varying the pitch angles of the blades. The common operators may include plate elements to which a propeller hub is rotatably joined, and which may be supported by one or more linear actuators that may extend or retract to vary both the orientations of the drive shafts and the pitch angles of the blades. Operating the motors and propellers at varying speeds, gimbal angles or pitch angles enables the motors to generate forces in any number of directions and at any magnitudes. Attributes of the propulsion units may be selected in order to shape or control the noise generated thereby.

Vertical takeoff and landing vehicles (VTOLs) of the type used for the point-to-point delivery and transport of payloads (e.g., packages, equipment, etc.) and personnel, are significantly stabilized at least during takeoff and landing with present aspects significantly ameliorating or significantly eliminating destabilizing effects, including ground effect, during VTOL takeoff and/or landing.

V2 Pipe Prop Rotary Wing (PPRW) incorporates a general PPRW documented in patent application Ser. No. 16/128,537 filed on Sep. 12, 2018; and both V2 PPRW and the general PPRW are each a propeller driven propulsion engine in a pipe profile with props or propellers rotating in part as rotary wings. V2 PPRW enhances propulsion performances through the shaping of fluid flow field patterns around props and by the increased relative fluid flow velocities between props of interacting planet and sun airfoils. V2 PPRW props in rotations propel directional fluid for thrusts of lift and drag forces transversely through and across the pipe along the length of the pipe; and when vectored, the thrust forces are turned into variable thrust forces for vehicles in air, on ground, and above or below water.

V2 Pipe Prop Rotary Wing (PPRW) incorporates a general PPRW documented in patent application Ser. No. 16/128,537 filed on Sep. 12, 2018; and both V2 PPRW and the general PPRW are each a propeller driven propulsion engine in a pipe profile with props or propellers rotating in part as rotary wings. V2 PPRW enhances propulsion performances through the shaping of fluid flow field patterns around props and by the increased relative fluid flow velocities between props of interacting planet and sun airfoils. V2 PPRW props in rotations propel directional fluid for thrusts of lift and drag forces transversely through and across the pipe along the length of the pipe; and when vectored, the thrust forces are turned into variable thrust forces for vehicles in air, on ground, and above or below water.

Various reconfigurations of propellers, propeller blades, and/or blade sections of propulsion mechanisms of an aerial vehicle are described. For example, responsive to a fault or failure of a propulsion mechanism, propellers, propeller blades, and/or blade sections of the remaining propulsion mechanisms may be modified to maintain control and safety of the aerial vehicle. In example embodiments, angular orientations, positions, and/or lengths of one or more propellers, propeller blades, and/or blade sections of propulsion mechanisms may be modified to maintain control and safety in either a horizontal, wingborn flight orientation, or a vertical, VTOL flight orientation.

An air vehicle is provided including: a main lift generating wing arrangement having a port wing and a starboard wing, empennage and main propulsion system. The air vehicle further includes a distributed electrical propulsion (DEP) system having secondary electrical propulsion units coupled to each one of the port wing and the starboard wing. The main propulsion system is configured for providing sufficient thrust such as to enable powered aerodynamic flight of the air vehicle including at least: powered aerodynamic take off absent operation of the DEP system; and powered aerodynamic landing absent operation of the DEP system. The DEP system is configured for selectively providing at least augmented lift to the main lift generating wing arrangement in at least landing. A method for landing an air vehicle on a moving platform under separated wake conditions is also provided.

A method of controlling an electric aircraft that has a plurality of actuators that includes a plurality of electric propulsion units includes: receiving force and moment commands for the electric aircraft; determining control commands for the plurality of actuators based on the desired force and moment commands by solving an optimization problem that comprises a noise minimization term for minimizing noise generated by the electric propulsion units; and controlling the plurality of actuators according to the determined control commands to meet the force and moment commands for the electric aircraft.

Disclosed herein are a vehicle system and method for VTOL. The vehicle system includes: a carrier vehicle and a cruise vehicle. The carrier vehicle includes one or more fuselages, one or more wings, one or more attach units coupled to the one or more fuselages or to the one or more wings, and propulsion systems operable to provide, at least, substantially vertical thrust and substantially horizontal thrust. The cruise vehicle includes one or more fuselages for carrying passengers or cargo and one or more wings. The one or more attach units of the carrier vehicle are adapted to couple to the cruise vehicle to detachably engage.

Disclosed herein are a vehicle system and method for VTOL. The vehicle system includes: a carrier vehicle and a cruise vehicle. The carrier vehicle includes one or more fuselages, one or more wings, one or more attach units coupled to the one or more fuselages or to the one or more wings, and propulsion systems operable to provide, at least, substantially vertical thrust and substantially horizontal thrust. The cruise vehicle includes one or more fuselages for carrying passengers or cargo and one or more wings. The one or more attach units of the carrier vehicle are adapted to couple to the cruise vehicle to detachably engage.

A fan-in-wing aerial vehicle according to an embodiment may comprise: a fuselage; main wings expending from both sides of the fuselage in the span direction; rotors rotatably mounted inside the main wings, respectively; and opening/closing portions installed on the main wings such that the same can be opened/closed and thereby expose the rotors to the outside or conceal the rotors from the outside, respectively.