Systems and methods for reinforcing structures with composite reinforcement systems are disclosed herein. According to aspects of the present disclosure, a carrier of a composite reinforcement system for repairing and/or reinforcing a physical structure is disclosed. The carrier includes a plurality of carbon fibers. Each carbon fiber has a longitudinal axis and a length extending in a generally 0 degree direction. The carrier further includes at least one fiberglass fiber having a longitudinal axis and a length extending in a generally 90 degree direction across the plurality of carbon fibers. The plurality of carbon fibers constitute at least about 70 wt % of the carrier and the at least one fiberglass fiber constitutes at most about 30 wt % of the carrier.

A package includes a chamber portion, a hollow frame adjacent to the chamber portion, and a frangible chamber closure zone between the chamber portion and the frame. A method of releasing at least one agent into a chamber portion of a package includes rupturing a frangible closure between the chamber portion and a hollow frame to release the at least one agent contained in the hollow frame into the chamber portion. A process of packaging includes providing a base web; placing a product on the base web; positioning over the product a lid web; fixing the lid web to the base web to form a chamber portion enclosing the product; fixing the lid web to the base web to form a hollow frame adjacent to the chamber portion; and including an agent in the frame.

A method of expanding a structural support volume of a flexible container can include dispensing a cryogenic fluid into at least one structural support volume and sealing the at least one structural support volume such that it has a closed volume prior to complete conversion of the cryogenic fluid into a gas and expansion of the structural support volume to a pressurized state. The flexible container includes a product volume and at least a portion of the structural support volume extends into the product volume when the structural support volume is expanded.

Methods of opening and adding expansion materials to containers made from flexible materials. The methods involve forming a partially completed container blank that may have four layers of flexible materials. The partially completed container blank may be opened by separating a portion of the first layer from a portion of the second layer by bending portions of the second, third, and fourth layers toward a first direction; and dosing the partially completed container blank, by adding an expansion material out of a dispenser and into a space disposed between a portion of the first layer and a portion of the second layer.

In methods of making disposable, flexible containers for fluent products, methods of sealing the flexible containers when such containers include expansion materials, are disclosed. The methods include forming a partially completed container blank that has layers of flexible materials. The layered structure includes a first space for a fluent product, and a second space for an expansion material. The methods of sealing the flexible containers include adding an expansion material into the second space and pressing parts of at least some of the layers together to close off the second space.

In a method of making disposable, flexible containers for fluent products, methods of opening the flexible containers are disclosed, including methods of opening multi-layer structures to enable filling of fluent product(s). The methods may include opening a partially complete container blank made of three or more layers by separating a portion of one layer from a portion of another layer by bending portions of all of the layers outward toward a first direction; and then bending portions of at some of the layers outward toward a second direction that is within 20 degrees of opposite to the first direction.

Methods of making flexible containers that include structural support frames, including methods for sealing such containers.

The invention relates to a container for a pressurized beverage, in particular beer, comprising a casing of a thermoplastic material, a valve part for dispensing the beverage from the container, and an expandable device holding a compressed gas or a gas generating system for expanding the device during or after filling the container to compensate for an increase in the volume of the container resulting from creep in the thermoplastic material.

A package includes a chamber portion, a hollow frame adjacent to the chamber portion, and a frangible chamber closure zone between the chamber portion and the frame. A method of releasing at least one agent into a chamber portion of a package includes rupturing a frangible closure between the chamber portion and a hollow frame to release the at least one agent contained in the hollow frame into the chamber portion. A process of packaging includes providing a base web; placing a product on the base web; positioning over the product a lid web; fixing the lid web to the base web to form a chamber portion enclosing the product; fixing the lid web to the base web to form a hollow frame adjacent to the chamber portion; and including an agent in the frame.

Disclosed is a method for controlling the pressure in a container with the contents thereof after filling and plugging and particularly to a method for treating a drinking liquid or semi-liquid in a polymer material bottle. The method includes the following steps: filling the container, closing the container using a plugging unit, adding a fluid into the head space through a hole bored through the plugging unit so as to obtain a residual pressure greater than atmospheric pressure, and sealing the hole in the plugging unit by melting the material of the plugging unit. Also disclosed is the related device.