A root canal treatment robot and a treatment method using the same. In the robot, a pan tilt, and a working optical fiber are driven by an x-axis movement unit and a y-axis movement unit to move on the x-y plane, and the working optical fiber is further driven by a z-axis movement unit to move along the z-axis, and driven by an a-axis movement unit to rotate around the z-axis.

A root canal treatment robot and a treatment method using the same. In the robot, a pan tilt, and a working optical fiber are driven by an x-axis movement unit and a y-axis movement unit to move on the x-y plane, and the working optical fiber is further driven by a z-axis movement unit to move along the z-axis, and driven by an a-axis movement unit to rotate around the z-axis.

A nonstaining photosensitizer includes powdered Nigella sativa seeds in a carrier medium. A method of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy includes administering a photosensitizing composition comprising a Nigella sativa pigment to a treatment site and irradiating the treatment site with a wavelength effective to photoactivate the photosensitizing composition to ablate microorganisms and/or diseased tissue.

A nonstaining photosensitizer includes powdered Nigella sativa seeds in a carrier medium. A method of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy includes administering a photosensitizing composition comprising a Nigella sativa pigment to a treatment site and irradiating the treatment site with a wavelength effective to photoactivate the photosensitizing composition to ablate microorganisms and/or diseased tissue.

A dental tool includes: a hand piece; an endodontic hand file; a stopper, wherein the stopper comprises a first hole for receiving a portion of the endodontic hand file; and a mechanical motion module that imparts mechanical motion to the endodontic hand file. A dental system includes: a hand piece; an endodontic file; and a stopper comprising at least two holes, wherein a first hole receives a portion of the endodontic file, and wherein a second hole receives a portion of a first tube for delivering a liquid to the endodontic file. The dental system can further include a second tube partially contained in a third hole of the stopper for suctioning liquids from a patient's mouth. The dental system can also further include a mechanical motion module.

An electrical discharge irrigation includes a power source to produce a first voltage, a circuit coupled to the power source to convert the first voltage to a second voltage, a discharge capacitor to receive the second voltage from the circuit, a transistor and/or a controlled rectifier coupled to the discharge capacitor to receive the second voltage, and an output tip. This tip is coupled to a transistor and/or a controlled rectifier and includes a first end, a second end, a longitudinal axis extending between them, an electrode located in an interior space of the tip to receive an electrical charge from the a transistor and/or a controlled rectifier and to release an electric discharge, and a ground return. The ground return is an outside surface of the tip. A space between the electrode and the ground return holds a conductive medium in contact with the electrode and the ground return.

An electrical discharge irrigation includes a power source to produce a first voltage, a circuit coupled to the power source to convert the first voltage to a second voltage, a discharge capacitor to receive the second voltage from the circuit, a transistor and/or a controlled rectifier coupled to the discharge capacitor to receive the second voltage, and an output tip. This tip is coupled to a transistor and/or a controlled rectifier and includes a first end, a second end, a longitudinal axis extending between them, an electrode located in an interior space of the tip to receive an electrical charge from the a transistor and/or a controlled rectifier and to release an electric discharge, and a ground return. The ground return is an outside surface of the tip. A space between the electrode and the ground return holds a conductive medium in contact with the electrode and the ground return.

The system according to the invention comprises: a handpiece, to which an endodontic instrument can be connected that is intended to be inserted into a root canal, a measurement unit for measuring a magnitude related to the position of the endodontic instrument in the root canal and a computation and display unit for displaying a graph representing the evolution of the magnitude measured by the measurement unit during an endodontic treatment with the endodontic instrument. The method according to the invention comprises the following steps: displaying, by means of a computation and display unit, a graph representing the evolution of a magnitude measured during a root canal treatment performed by the dentist, the magnitude being related to the position of an endodontic instrument in the root canal, and providing a reference graph representing a predetermined endodontic treatment technique to allow a comparison to be made between the graph representing the evolution of the measured magnitude and the reference graph.

The system according to the invention comprises: a handpiece, to which an endodontic instrument can be connected that is intended to be inserted into a root canal, a measurement unit for measuring a magnitude related to the position of the endodontic instrument in the root canal and a computation and display unit for displaying a graph representing the evolution of the magnitude measured by the measurement unit during an endodontic treatment with the endodontic instrument. The method according to the invention comprises the following steps: displaying, by means of a computation and display unit, a graph representing the evolution of a magnitude measured during a root canal treatment performed by the dentist, the magnitude being related to the position of an endodontic instrument in the root canal, and providing a reference graph representing a predetermined endodontic treatment technique to allow a comparison to be made between the graph representing the evolution of the measured magnitude and the reference graph.

Various systems, method, and compositions for treating a tooth are disclosed herein. For example, an apparatus for treating a tooth is disclosed. The apparatus can include a chamber having an access port which places the chamber in fluid communication with a treatment region of the tooth when the chamber is coupled to tooth. A fluid motion generator can be coupled to the chamber. The fluid motion generator can be configured to direct fluid across the access port to generate fluid motion in the chamber. In various embodiments, fluid motion (e.g., vortices, swirl, etc.) can be induced at or near treatment regions of the tooth, such as a root canal or carious region.