The present disclosure provides a device having a circuit. The circuit includes at least one boost converter receiving power from an energy source, a square wave driver in series with the boost converter, an inductor in series with the square wave driver for converting a square wave to a sinusoidal wave, and a piezoelectric transducer in series with the inductor, the piezoelectric transducer connectable to a load. The device further includes a phase-locked loop coupled to the circuit to determine a resonance frequency of the piezoelectric transducer when the piezoelectric transducer is connected to the load.

Embodiments of this disclosure provide a staging assembly (10) for negative pressure, multi-canal irrigation of a root canal system followed by obturation. The staging assembly may be part of a kit that includes a plurality of catheters (50) sized for insertion into the root canal system. To hold the catheter in its proper position in the canal, the catheter may include a stop (37) and the staging assembly may include a corresponding stop hold (36). The distal end (51) of the catheter can be positioned 2 mm to 5 mm from the terminus end of the root canal. The staging assembly is then sealed, creating a closed system. Irrigating solution is vacuum-drawn out the ends of the catheters and debris is evacuated through a vacuum port of the stating assembly. During irrigation, no hands on time is required by the clinician. After irrigation, vacuum is reversed to dry the canal. Obturation occurs through the vacuum portion.

Embodiments of this disclosure provide a staging assembly (10) for negative pressure, multi-canal irrigation of a root canal system followed by obturation. The staging assembly may be part of a kit that includes a plurality of catheters (50) sized for insertion into the root canal system. To hold the catheter in its proper position in the canal, the catheter may include a stop (37) and the staging assembly may include a corresponding stop hold (36). The distal end (51) of the catheter can be positioned 2 mm to 5 mm from the terminus end of the root canal. The staging assembly is then sealed, creating a closed system. Irrigating solution is vacuum-drawn out the ends of the catheters and debris is evacuated through a vacuum port of the stating assembly. During irrigation, no hands on time is required by the clinician. After irrigation, vacuum is reversed to dry the canal. Obturation occurs through the vacuum portion.

The invention relates to a tool for filling root canals of teeth in order to prevent bacteria passing thereinto following removal of the nerve from the tooth and preparation of the canal for root filling. Owing to the importance of this remedial action, several methods and tools have been developed to facilitate root canal obturation by injection of a leak-proof material. The present invention discloses a plug made from plastic or any other biocompatible material, comprising: a central, conical, cylindrical, longitudinal cavity; lateral elliptical openings connected to said longitudinal cavity; discontinuous lateral guiding supports having rounded angles and spaces therebetween; and a double leak-proof cap. The plug does not require a gripping part, which facilitates the placement of a post inside the root in order to support fixed prosthodontics and to prevent leakage of the obturating material injected into the tooth.

The invention relates to a tool for filling root canals of teeth in order to prevent bacteria passing thereinto following removal of the nerve from the tooth and preparation of the canal for root filling. Owing to the importance of this remedial action, several methods and tools have been developed to facilitate root canal obturation by injection of a leak-proof material. The present invention discloses a plug made from plastic or any other biocompatible material, comprising: a central, conical, cylindrical, longitudinal cavity; lateral elliptical openings connected to said longitudinal cavity; discontinuous lateral guiding supports having rounded angles and spaces therebetween; and a double leak-proof cap. The plug does not require a gripping part, which facilitates the placement of a post inside the root in order to support fixed prosthodontics and to prevent leakage of the obturating material injected into the tooth.

Provided herein are compositions and kits including trichloroacetic acid, and methods of using the same for debridement during endodontic treatment.

Provided herein are compositions and kits including trichloroacetic acid, and methods of using the same for debridement during endodontic treatment.

A method for continuously evaluating the effectiveness of debridement of a root canal of a tooth, the tooth having an open access cavity and an apex end, includes delivering a fluid to the open access cavity of the tooth, evacuating the fluid near the apex end of the tooth such that the fluid flushes most of the root canal before being evacuated, and continuously evaluating the evacuated fluid for at least one of a presence of debris, a concentration level of the debris, or a type of the debris. An apparatus for use in debriding a root canal of a tooth includes a microcannula or a macrocannula configured to evacuate a fluid in the root canal, and a sensing mechanism fluidically coupled to the microcannula or the macrocannula, the sensing mechanism configured to continuously sense debris in the evacuated fluid in real time.

A method for continuously evaluating the effectiveness of debridement of a root canal of a tooth, the tooth having an open access cavity and an apex end, includes delivering a fluid to the open access cavity of the tooth, evacuating the fluid near the apex end of the tooth such that the fluid flushes most of the root canal before being evacuated, and continuously evaluating the evacuated fluid for at least one of a presence of debris, a concentration level of the debris, or a type of the debris. An apparatus for use in debriding a root canal of a tooth includes a microcannula or a macrocannula configured to evacuate a fluid in the root canal, and a sensing mechanism fluidically coupled to the microcannula or the macrocannula, the sensing mechanism configured to continuously sense debris in the evacuated fluid in real time.

Embodiments of the present invention provide devices (tags), systems, and methods to determine structural integrity and other states of orthodontic-elements, such as orthodontic-brackets, orthodontic-archwires, orthodontic-expanders, orthodontic-elastic-bands, and orthodontic-power-chains, to name a few, in a non-invasive and contactless way, with respect to monitoring; and using comparatively safe and/or low energy electromagnetic radiation, such as radio waves. Negligible-sized backscatter-tags with sensors are implanted in or attached to such orthodontic-elements. Such arrangements may permit monitoring of forces acting on teeth by various orthodontic-elements. Using backscatter imaging technology, the structural integrity and other states of the orthodontic-elements may be monitored; which may allow non-invasive and contactless detection of problems such as cracking, bending, excessive pressure, improper temperature, and/or the like. Additionally, initially unknown locations of the implanted negligible-sized backscatter-tags with sensors may be readily determined upon a given scanning (reading) session; and thus mapped to provide an effective image of the orthodontic-elements.