An improved modulated particulate metering system is provided. The system includes a plurality of particulate storage areas, each having a separate type of particulate. The system can include varied configurations of a plurality of cartridges in communication with one of the particulate storage containers. The system can further include varied configurations of a plurality of gearboxes operably connected to the cartridges. The gearboxes can be adapted to be inverted and operably controlled by one or more drive shafts. The system can still further include varied configurations of a plurality of particulate accelerators in fluid communication with an air flow path having one inlet. The system permits a user to efficiently alternate between desired configurations based on the needs of the application.

An improved modulated particulate metering system is provided. The system includes a plurality of particulate storage areas, each having a separate type of particulate. The system can include varied configurations of a plurality of cartridges in communication with one of the particulate storage containers. The system can further include varied configurations of a plurality of gearboxes operably connected to the cartridges. The gearboxes can be adapted to be inverted and operably controlled by one or more drive shafts. The system can still further include varied configurations of a plurality of particulate accelerators in fluid communication with an air flow path having one inlet. The system permits a user to efficiently alternate between desired configurations based on the needs of the application.

An engineering system, comprising a pumping system, a wave system, a system of measuring devices, and a dynamic controller, configured for generating pressure waves with controlled frequencies, and their propagating through turbulent flow in the suction and discharge pipelines of the pumping system. The engineering system performs a method of automatic controlling the energy efficient mode of pipeline transporting of fluid medium. The dynamic controller regulates and adjusts in real time optimal values of frequencies of generating pressure waves, providing minimum values of hydrodynamic resistance of turbulent flow in the discharge pipeline, for any average value of the flow velocity, compared to the hydrodynamic resistance of the turbulent flow having the same velocity, but not interacting with pressure waves. Automatic controlling the process of generating pressure waves with optimal frequencies by the dynamic controller, ensures the maximum energy efficiency of the process of pipeline transporting of fluid medium.

An improved modulated particulate metering system is provided. The system includes a plurality of particulate storage areas, each having a separate type of particulate. The system can include varied configurations of a plurality of cartridges in communication with one of the particulate storage containers. The system can further include varied configurations of a plurality of gearboxes operably connected to the cartridges. The gearboxes can be adapted to be inverted and operably controlled by one or more drive shafts. The system can still further include varied configurations of a plurality of particulate accelerators in fluid communication with an air flow path having one inlet. The system permits a user to efficiently alternate between desired configurations based on the needs of the application.

Biomass feedstocks (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, novel systems, methods and equipment for conveying and/or cooling treated biomass are described.

Biomass feedstocks (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) are processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, novel systems, methods and equipment for conveying and/or cooling treated biomass are described.

A pneumatic distribution system for pneumatically distributing material in an agricultural vehicle is described. In one example, the pneumatic distribution system comprises an air source having an outlet with different air pressures defining a pressure gradient across the outlet, and a plurality of inlet ports configured to receive air from the outlet for a plurality of distribution streams, comprising at least a first distribution stream with a first pressure loss value and a second distribution stream with a second pressure loss value that is greater than the first pressure loss value. The inlet ports for the first and second distribution streams are located relative to the pressure gradient such that the second distribution stream receives a higher air pressure than the first distribution stream.

A pneumatic distribution system for pneumatically distributing material in an agricultural vehicle is described. In one example, the pneumatic distribution system comprises an air source having an outlet with different air pressures defining a pressure gradient across the outlet, and a plurality of inlet ports configured to receive air from the outlet for a plurality of distribution streams, comprising at least a first distribution stream with a first pressure loss value and a second distribution stream with a second pressure loss value that is greater than the first pressure loss value. The inlet ports for the first and second distribution streams are located relative to the pressure gradient such that the second distribution stream receives a higher air pressure than the first distribution stream.

An apparatus for distributing gases and, optionally, liquids into a control valve includes a collar and a plurality of gas distribution devices. The collar includes a first side, a second side opposite the first side, an inner bore formed through a central portion of the first side and the second side, an outer edge positioned between the first side and the second side and which defines an outer perimeter of the collar, an inner edge positioned between the first side and the second side and which extends around the inner bore to define an inside perimeter of the collar, and a plurality of passages that extend through the outer edge and inner edge without penetrating the first and second sides. The plurality of gas distribution devices are mounted into the passages of the collar.

An apparatus for distributing gases and, optionally, liquids into a control valve includes a collar and a plurality of gas distribution devices. The collar includes a first side, a second side opposite the first side, an inner bore formed through a central portion of the first side and the second side, an outer edge positioned between the first side and the second side and which defines an outer perimeter of the collar, an inner edge positioned between the first side and the second side and which extends around the inner bore to define an inside perimeter of the collar, and a plurality of passages that extend through the outer edge and inner edge without penetrating the first and second sides. The plurality of gas distribution devices are mounted into the passages of the collar.