An apparatus is usable to manufacture a filter. The apparatus includes a pleats-forming unit, a first belt part, a second belt part, and a controller. The pleats-forming unit delivers a filter substrate in a first direction and then successively folds the filter substrate into alternate mountains and valleys. The first belt part is disposed downstream of the pleats-forming unit in the first direction. The first belt part contacts with the mountains and valleys of the filter substrate to compress the mountains and valleys of the filter substrate in the first direction. The second belt part is disposed downstream of the first belt part in the first direction. The second belt part pulls the mountains and valleys of the filter substrate in the first direction to form a predetermined pitch between each adjacent pair of the mountains or valleys. The control unit controls a traveling speed of the second belt part.

An apparatus is usable to manufacture a filter. The apparatus includes a pleats-forming unit, a first belt part, a second belt part, and a controller. The pleats-forming unit delivers a filter substrate in a first direction and then successively folds the filter substrate into alternate mountains and valleys. The first belt part is disposed downstream of the pleats-forming unit in the first direction. The first belt part contacts with the mountains and valleys of the filter substrate to compress the mountains and valleys of the filter substrate in the first direction. The second belt part is disposed downstream of the first belt part in the first direction. The second belt part pulls the mountains and valleys of the filter substrate in the first direction to form a predetermined pitch between each adjacent pair of the mountains or valleys. The control unit controls a traveling speed of the second belt part.

A method of manufacturing a glass includes a conveying step of moving a conveyance sheet material that contacts a lower surface of a glass film, to thereby convey the glass film. The conveyance sheet material includes a first contact portion that contacts the lower surface of the glass film on an upstream side in a manufacture-related process step, a second contact portion that contacts the lower surface of the glass film on a downstream side in the manufacture-related process step, and a non-contact portion that is prevented from contacting the lower surface of the glass film. In this method, the manufacture-related process step includes subjecting the glass film to a predetermined process at a position corresponding to the non-contact portion between the first and second contact portions while simultaneously moving the first, second , and non-contact portions of the conveyance sheet material through the conveying step.

A packaging assembly (10) that includes a weighing machine (11) that delivers batches of product to a packaging machine (18). A film drive assembly (17) pulls strip bag material pass a former shoulder (41), to form tubular bag material into which batches of product are to be delivered, with the tubular bag material being longitudinally sealed, transversely sealed and transversely cut by the packaging machine (18).

A packaging assembly (10) that includes a weighing machine (11) that delivers batches of product to a packaging machine (18). A film drive assembly (17) pulls strip bag material pass a former shoulder (41), to form tubular bag material into which batches of product are to be delivered, with the tubular bag material being longitudinally sealed, transversely sealed and transversely cut by the packaging machine (18).

A film transport device for transporting a stretchable film includes: at least one belt conveyor, the belt conveyor having two opposing transport belts for transporting the film and a first and a second deflection roller, each of which guides one of the transport belts in continuous circulation and is arranged at an end in a respective transport belt. An end portion of the first deflection roller projects past an associated transport belt, the first deflection roller having a first transport ring at the end portion along its periphery. An end portion of the second deflection roller projects past an associated transport belt, the second deflection roller at the end portion along its periphery having a second transport ring. A first contact surface of the first transport ring extends with mechanical friction along a circumference of the first deflection roller.

A film transport device for transporting a stretchable film includes: at least one belt conveyor, the belt conveyor having two opposing transport belts for transporting the film and a first and a second deflection roller, each of which guides one of the transport belts in continuous circulation and is arranged at an end in a respective transport belt. An end portion of the first deflection roller projects past an associated transport belt, the first deflection roller having a first transport ring at the end portion along its periphery. An end portion of the second deflection roller projects past an associated transport belt, the second deflection roller at the end portion along its periphery having a second transport ring. A first contact surface of the first transport ring extends with mechanical friction along a circumference of the first deflection roller.

A feeding unit for feeding a plastic film in packaging machines for wrapping paper rolls, including: a unit for unwinding the film from a reel; a cutting device adapted to cut the film transversely; a transfer device including, on the right and on the left side of the feeding unit, drive belts configured for engaging the upper and lower faces of the film; and a positioning device including, on the right and on the left side of the unit, a predetermined number of drive belts configured for engaging the upper and lower faces of the film. On each side of the feeding unit, the transfer device comprises two pairs of belts. On each side of the feeding unit, the positioning device comprises a third pair of belts. The three pairs of belts are actuated by independent actuators.

A feeding unit for feeding a plastic film in packaging machines for wrapping paper rolls, including: a unit for unwinding the film from a reel; a cutting device adapted to cut the film transversely; a transfer device including, on the right and on the left side of the feeding unit, drive belts configured for engaging the upper and lower faces of the film; and a positioning device including, on the right and on the left side of the unit, a predetermined number of drive belts configured for engaging the upper and lower faces of the film. On each side of the feeding unit, the transfer device comprises two pairs of belts. On each side of the feeding unit, the positioning device comprises a third pair of belts. The three pairs of belts are actuated by independent actuators.

A machine for forming packing templates includes a infeed system that can feed multiple feeds of sheet material into the machine without repositioning the infeed system or forming creases or bends in the sheet material. The machine also includes a separation and cutting systems with one or more cutting tables and biased knives that cut the sheet material packaging templates. The machine also includes creasing roller(s) that forms creases in the sheet material. The machine also includes a system for reducing or eliminating the impact of irregularities in the sheet material.