A feeding apparatus includes a placement unit on which a recording material is to be placed, a feeding rotating member, a regulating plate, a detecting unit, and a control unit. The feeding rotating member feeds the recording material placed on the placement unit. The regulating plate regulates a position of an upstream end of the recording material placed on the placement unit in a direction of feeding by the feeding rotating member. The detecting unit detects a size of the recording material from a position of the regulating plate. The control unit changes duration of execution of a recording-material feeding operation performed by the feeding rotating member based on the size of the recording material detected by the detecting unit and a size of the recording material specified in advance by a user.

To provide a transfer apparatus correcting a curl of a card efficiently while preventing the card from deteriorating, a printing apparatus includes a transfer section transferring a transfer surface of a transfer film to the card, a rotating unit reversing the front side and back side of the card in two-sided transfer, a decurl mechanism correcting a curl of the card with the transfer surface transferred in the transfer section, and a control section controlling the decurl mechanism. The control section controls the decurl mechanism such that a correction amount for the card with the transfer surface transferred to one surface in two-sided transfer is smaller than a correction amount for the card in one-sided transfer, and that the total sum of correction amounts for respective surfaces of the card in two-sided transfer is smaller than the correction amount for the card in one-sided transfer.

To provide a transfer apparatus correcting a curl of a card efficiently while preventing the card from deteriorating, a printing apparatus includes a transfer section transferring a transfer surface of a transfer film to the card, a rotating unit reversing the front side and back side of the card in two-sided transfer, a decurl mechanism correcting a curl of the card with the transfer surface transferred in the transfer section, and a control section controlling the decurl mechanism. The control section controls the decurl mechanism such that a correction amount for the card with the transfer surface transferred to one surface in two-sided transfer is smaller than a correction amount for the card in one-sided transfer, and that the total sum of correction amounts for respective surfaces of the card in two-sided transfer is smaller than the correction amount for the card in one-sided transfer.

A winding and unwinding system for electrode plate includes a winding and unwinding box, a cooling unit, and a control unit. The winding and unwinding box includes a box body and a box door jointly defining a box space, an electrode plate discharge port provided on a side of the box body, a rotating shaft provided in the middle of the box space, an electrode plate cylinder connected to and driven by the rotating shaft, a first temperature sensor monitoring temperature of the electrode plate, a first gas detector monitoring oxygen concentration inside the winding and unwinding box, gas inlet and outlets located at bottom and top of the box body, respectively. The cooling unit communicates with the gas inlet. The control unit controls the cooling unit to regulate the temperature of the electrode plate and the oxygen concentration inside the winding and unwinding box.

A feeding system in a printing apparatus is disclosed. For example, the feeding system includes a feed roll, a retard roll, a movable arm, a spring and a temperature dependent flexible material. The movable arm is coupled to the retard roll. The spring is coupled to the movable arm. The temperature dependent flexible material is located below the spring to move the retard roll towards the feed roll via the spring coupled to the end of the arm to maintain a nip force applied by the retard roll against the feed roll as a temperature in a location of the printing apparatus changes.

A method and apparatus for calibrating a vacuum system in a printing device comprising obtaining a reference pressure value for a print zone of the printing device, measuring a calibration pressure value in the print zone of the printing device when the printing device is at an operating location and the vacuum system is in operation, determining an altitude based on the reference pressure value and the calibration pressure value and applying an operating setting to the vacuum system based on the determined altitude.

A feeding system in a printing apparatus is disclosed. For example, the feeding system includes a feed roll, a retard roll, a movable arm, a spring and a temperature dependent flexible material. The movable arm is coupled to the retard roll. The spring is coupled to the movable arm. The temperature dependent flexible material is located below the spring to move the retard roll towards the feed roll via the spring coupled to the end of the arm to maintain a nip force applied by the retard roll against the feed roll as a temperature in a location of the printing apparatus changes.

A paper feeding apparatus includes: a paper feeder configured to feed out the uppermost paper included in a paper bundle; a blower configured to blow gas to a lateral side of the paper bundle; and a processor configured to reduce an amount of the gas blown to the lateral side when a predetermined specific condition is satisfied.

A sheet fixing apparatus includes a preparing unit for preparing an individual sheet including a to-be-fixed region that is of a shape commensurate with a target surface of a workpiece and an excess region surrounding the to-be-fixed region, a fixing unit for fixing the to-be-fixed region of the individual sheet prepared by the preparing unit to the target surface, a removing unit for removing the excess region from the individual sheet after the to-be-fixed region has been fixed to the target surface by the fixing unit, and a controller for controlling the preparing unit, the fixing unit, and the removing unit. The controller controls the preparing unit to prepare the individual sheet by cutting off a portion that is to become the individual sheet from a stock roll of sheet after removing the foreign matter attached to the portion while withdrawing the portion from the stock roll of sheet.

Provided are a printing apparatus and a printing method that can realize improvement of drying properties, suppression of substrate deformation, and suppression of jetting failure. The printing apparatus includes a print head that jets an aqueous ink onto a substrate to form an image, a substrate moisture reduction unit that reduces moisture of the substrate before the image is formed by the print head, and an absolute humidity adjustment unit that adjusts an absolute humidity in a periphery of a nozzle surface of the print head.