The present artificial insemination instrument may include a single use, hollow, elongate, metal pipette and a single disposable syringe that is not toxic to bovine sperm. The apparatus is used with any type of diluent that is not toxic to bovine sperm. In various embodiments, a technician may use non-sorted reduced sperm count semen straws from a bull stud, cut an unsorted semen straw into several pieces to use one piece at a time per cow, thaw one straw and mix the non-sorted semen with diluent, or use reduced sperm count semen straws filled with sex sorted semen by the manufacturer. A procedure is disclosed to use the artificial in semination instrument, reduced sperm count semen from any of the aforementioned sources, a non-toxic syringe, and a diluent to achieve conception rates at least as good as conventional prior art device and procedure conception rates.

The installation (1) comprises a treatment machine (12) and a supply and positioning device (16) configured to receive the straws (2) and dispose them one by one in a predetermined orientation for their treatment by said machine. The device (16) comprises a curved ramp (52) having a reception portion (64) for the straws (2) and an ejection portion (65) for the straws, the ramp being configured to convey, to the ejection portion (65), a straw (2) received on the reception portion (64) and sliding on the ramp (52), the ramp having a concave profile such that said profile has an orientation closer to the vertical in the reception portion (64) than in the ejection portion (65), such that a straw received on the reception portion (64) is accelerated to the ejection portion (65) at which the straw is guided and ejected with a predetermined orientation.

Method for producing YY super-male and XY physiological female common carps, with which YY-chromosome super-male common carp can be cultivated and androgenetic YY super-male common carp is produced, where microsatellite markers are used for paternity testing and test crossing confirmation. The YY common carp is crossed with normal female common carp to produce the progenies of only male common carp, and without sex identification, the juvenile male common carp with known sex are subjected to artificial sex reversal to produce XY physiological female common carp.

Method for producing YY super-male and XY physiological female common carps, with which YY-chromosome super-male common carp can be cultivated and androgenetic YY super-male common carp is produced, where microsatellite markers are used for paternity testing and test crossing confirmation. The YY common carp is crossed with normal female common carp to produce the progenies of only male common carp, and without sex identification, the juvenile male common carp with known sex are subjected to artificial sex reversal to produce XY physiological female common carp.

The invention relates to methods of increasing genetic merit of swine by establishing a plurality of mating subtypes for a line of swine, and determining a percentage of progeny that are male for each of the mating subtypes, or a percentage of progeny that are female for each of the mating subtypes, that would result, relative to a control, in an increase in genetic merit in the line; the invention further relates to sorting a sperm cell sample from a male swine in one of the mating subtypes into one or more subpopulations of sperm cells, wherein a majority of sperm cells in a subpopulation of sperm cells bear X chromosomes or Y chromosomes, and inseminating one or more female swine in the one of the mating subtypes with the subpopulation of sperm cells to achieve the percentage of progeny that are male, or the percentage of progeny that are female, determined to increase genetic merit relative to the control.

An appliance for vaginal penetration includes a grip, the appliance being designed to receive a working tool, especially an insemination gun that passes through the grip. A guiding tube extends the grip in order to form a compact assembly, the guiding tube being designed so as to receive the front tip of the working tool therein and receiving a video viewing device such as an endoscopy-type tube including a lighting element on the front end thereof, the appliance for vaginal penetration including an electronic cell receiving the video images, provided with a device for transmitting images to a remote screen.

The invention concerns a device for the atraumatic transfer of a material or substance with a reproductive, therapeutic or diagnostic purpose into a female mammal, comprising a body assembly, an outer sheath suitable for being inserted as far as the start of one of the uterine horns, an inner sheath inside the outer sheath and capable of being extended into the uterine horn, and a piston inserted into the inner sheath order to push the material or substance up to the distal end of the inner sheath. The body assembly comprises a rod extending away from the outer sheath, and on which a shuttle assembly is slidingly mounted, comprising a primary shuttle, mounted sliding on said rod and to which the piston is attached, and a secondary shuttle, mounted sliding on said primary shuttle and to which the inner sheath is attached.

The invention relates to methods of increasing the genetic progress of a line, breed or herd of swine through the use of sex-selected sperm cells in artificial insemination techniques. The invention also encompasses methods of artificially inseminating a swine via deep intrauterine catheter or via a laparoscopic procedure, which allow the use of reduced doses of sex-selected sperm cells.

Provided are a method for separating mammalian sperm, by which even a large amount of sperm can be separated in a short time and decrease in motility of the separated sperm can be prevented; and an artificial insemination method, and an in vitro fertilization method. The method for separating mammalian sperm includes incubating the sperm in a medium containing a TLR7 ligand, and separating them into sperm floating in the upper layer and sperm sinking in the lower layer of the medium. The artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization methods include artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization for a non-human mammal using sperm of the non-human mammal separated by the method for separating mammalian sperm.

Provided are a method for separating mammalian sperm, by which even a large amount of sperm can be separated in a short time and decrease in motility of the separated sperm can be prevented; and an artificial insemination method, and an in vitro fertilization method. The method for separating mammalian sperm includes incubating the sperm in a medium containing a TLR7 ligand, and separating them into sperm floating in the upper layer and sperm sinking in the lower layer of the medium. The artificial insemination and in vitro fertilization methods include artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization for a non-human mammal using sperm of the non-human mammal separated by the method for separating mammalian sperm.