To provide a work processing apparatus equipped with a vaporizer that requires no carrier gas and can vaporize a vaporization target liquid having a relatively high flow rate, and a method for manufacturing a processed work. A vaporizer 1 includes a vaporization part 10 including a heat storage body 11 having a heat capacity higher than that of a vaporization target liquid Fq by a predetermined ratio, and a heat supplier 20 for supplying heat to the vaporization part 10. The predetermined ratio is a ratio of heat capacity at which a temperature drop of the heat storage body 11 by heat transfer from the heat storage body 11 to the liquid Fq flowing through a path 12 is within a predetermined range, wherein the amount of heat transferred from the heat storage body 11 to the liquid Fq is an amount of heat necessary to vaporize the liquid Fq at a planned proportion. A work processing apparatus 100 includes the vaporizer 1, a chamber 5, and a vacuum pump 6 for creating a negative pressure in the chamber 5. The method of manufacturing a processed work includes taking the work W into the chamber 5, supplying a processing gas Fg generated in the vaporizer 1 into the chamber 5, and performing predetermined processing on the work W under an atmosphere of the processing gas Fg in the chamber 5.

A contaminated medium (such as soil and/or groundwater) contaminated with petrogenic and/or other organic contaminants such as petroleum hydrocarbons, light non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs), dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs), persistent organic pollutants (i.e. sulfolane), chlorinated compounds, and volatile organic compounds, can be mixed with enhanced stimulators and be thermally remediated. The enhanced stimulators are heat induced to undergo exothermic reactions, which initiate a series of in-situ chemical reactions to such as to produce hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas causes hydrocracking of heavy hydrocarbons to produce light hydrocarbons which can be recovered such as for future use.

A laser machining system, or laser welding system, for machining a workpiece includes: a laser machining head for directing a laser beam onto a workpiece to produce a vapor capillary; an optical measuring device using an optical measuring beam; an image acquisition unit to capture an image of a region of the workpiece surface containing the vapor capillary and a measuring spot produced by irradiation with the measuring beam. The system determines positions of the measuring spot and vapor capillary based on the image. A method includes: directing the laser beam onto a workpiece surface to produce a vapor capillary; directing an optical measuring beam onto the surface to measure a depth of the vapor capillary; capturing an image of a region containing the vapor capillary and a measuring spot from the optical measuring beam; and determining, based on the captured image, position of the measuring spot and vapor capillary.

The present invention relates to a pressure-controlled oil refining device for refining oil from liquid-state oil waste. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pressure-controlled oil refining device wherein: liquid-state oil waste is introduced and then heated such that, as the pressure rises, the vaporized fluid (oil+impurities) is transferred in the upward direction; a pressure valve is opened/closed such that the oil and impurities can be separated from the fluid and then discharged; the oil is condensed by a cooler such that the same can be liquefied again and stored; and the oil can be refined from the oil waste and reused.

In an embodiment, a circuit includes: a transformer defining an inductive footprint within a first layer; a grounded shield bounded by the inductive footprint within a second layer separate from the first layer; and a circuit component bounded by the inductive footprint within a third layer separate from the second layer, wherein: the circuit component is coupled with the transformer through the second layer, and the third layer is separated from the first layer by the second layer.

A refining system includes a Peltier heat exchanger, an evaporation tank, and a nozzle. The Peltier heat exchanger is configured to receive unrefined liquid and comprising a Peltier cell. The nozzle is positioned within the evaporation tank and configured to receive unrefined liquid from the Peltier heat exchanger and provide unrefined liquid into the evaporation tank such that vapor is formed. The Peltier heat exchanger is configured to receive vapor from the evaporation tank while simultaneously receiving unrefined liquid. The Peltier cell is configured to heat unrefined liquid within the Peltier heat exchanger and cool vapor within the Peltier heat exchanger simultaneously.

A unique adaptive method of Mechanical Vapor Re-compression (MVR) to dehydrate abrasive sludge to a dry, sterile state that is nearly moisture free while maintaining extremely high process efficiencies by adaptively tuning the system parameters related to the varying specific plus latent heats of the input feedstream. This Adaptive MVR (AMVR) process is supported by the effective use of a unique method and apparatus for the optimization of the conductive heating process as applied to a range of sludge consistencies.

The present disclosure discloses a microwave flash evaporation process and apparatus and uses thereof. A microwave flash evaporation process, wherein the process makes integration of those technologies for liquid spraying, liquid droplet flash evaporation, microwave enhancement, vacuum steam discharge, and simulation and optimization of multi-mode resonant cavity, wherein through the coupling effect of the microwave, by means of one stage microwave flash evaporation, the effect normally achieved by multi-effect evaporation and flash evaporation is obtained and a liquid droplet micro-system with microwave energy transfer in situ is formed so as to prevent a circulation pump and a steam heat exchange system from being corroded under high temperature and high pressure, and prevent scaling on a heat exchanger, and improve evaporation efficiency. The present disclosure makes integration of those technologies for liquid spraying, liquid droplet flash evaporation, microwave enhancement, vacuum steam discharge, and simulation and optimization of multi-mode resonant cavity, and can be used for performing the processes of effluent disposal, seawater desalination, evaporation concentration of spent liquor of Bayer process, concentration crystallization of chemical production, sterilization of solution, unoil of solution, the rectification separation for various organic mixed solutions, sterilization, unoil and dehydration of solid powder. There is a prospect for this new process of the present disclosure with short technological process to upgrade the evaporation process.

To provide a work processing apparatus equipped with a vaporizer that requires no carrier gas and can vaporize a vaporization target liquid having a relatively high flow rate, and a method for manufacturing a processed work. A vaporizer 1 includes a vaporization part 10 including a heat storage body 11 having a heat capacity higher than that of a vaporization target liquid Fq by a predetermined ratio, and a heat supplier 20 for supplying heat to the vaporization part 10. The predetermined ratio is a ratio of heat capacity at which a temperature drop of the heat storage body 11 by heat transfer from the heat storage body 11 to the liquid Fq flowing through a path 12 is within a predetermined range, wherein the amount of heat transferred from the heat storage body 11 to the liquid Fq is an amount of heat necessary to vaporize the liquid Fq at a planned proportion. A work processing apparatus 100 includes the vaporizer 1, a chamber 5, and a vacuum pump 6 for creating a negative pressure in the chamber 5. The method of manufacturing a processed work includes taking the work W into the chamber 5, supplying a processing gas Fg generated in the vaporizer 1 into the chamber 5, and performing predetermined processing on the work W under an atmosphere of the processing gas Fg in the chamber 5.

A method of, and apparatus and system for, decontaminating a liquid containing dissolved solids including subjecting liquid containing dissolved solids to Joule heating under conditions effective to cause said dissolved solids to precipitate out of solution.