A method and system for balancing water content in a liquid mixture is described. The method includes using an direct column contact evaporator to reduce the water content in the liquid mixture. The liquid mixture is provided in the open column direct contact evaporator with relatively dry air. The dry air evaporates excess water from the liquid mixture to concentrate the liquid mixture while at the same time reducing the energy required for water evaporation elsewhere in the plant.

The invention relates to a method for extracting diisocyanates that are solid at room temperature from a distillation residue, comprising the following steps: (i) providing at least one residue containing diisocyanates that are solid at room temperature, and (ii) treating the residue at a temperature of ≥120° C. to <200° C. so as to obtain diisocyanates that are solid at room temperature, the residue provided in step (i) containing ≥32 to ≤60 wt. % of bitumen and the treatment in step (ii) being carried out in at least one thin-film evaporator and/or falling-film evaporator.

The invention relates to an apparatus for desubliming, condensing or evaporating a fluid. The apparatus includes a chamber and at least one tubular member for desubliming, condensing or evaporating the fluid on the outer surface of the at least one tubular member. The chamber is provided with at least one inlet for the fluid and at least one outlet for the condensate and/or evaporate, and at least one supply and at least one discharge for a cooling and/or heating fluid. The tubular member includes an outer member and an inner member enclosed within the outer member. The inner member is in communication with the supply at a first end. The outer member is in communication with the discharge at a first end. The outer member is closed at a second end. The inner member is open and mouths into the outer member at a second end.

A tube heat exchanger extending in a vertical direction, comprising: a first chamber including a lower portion provided with at least one intake inlet for a diphasic fluid including a liquid and a first vapor containing a mist; an upper portion; and a first recovery member passed through by the first vapor and recovering the mist in liquid form, the first vapor next arriving in the upper portion, a central chamber forming liquid films running over the tubes and vaporizing at least partially to produce a second vapor, the tubes being traveled inwardly by a fluid hotter than the diphasic fluid, and a second chamber receiving the first vapor and the second vapor to form a third vapor, and including an outlet for the non-vaporized liquid and an outlet for the third vapor, the first chamber and the second chamber together forming a volume surrounding the central chamber around the vertical direction.

The invention relates to a method for recovering a diisocyanate which is solid at room temperature from a distillation residue from a process for producing the diisocyanate, comprising the following steps: (i) mixing the distillation residue with a bitumen such that a mixture is obtained which contains 70 to 90 wt % of the distillation residue and 10 to 30 wt % of the bitumen, each in relation to the mixture, (ii) distilling the mixture in a thin-film evaporator or a falling film evaporator to obtain a sump discharge and a gaseous product stream, (iii) condensing the gaseous product stream and obtaining a solid containing the diisocyanate which is solid at room temperature. The invention further relates to the use of a thin-film evaporator or falling film evaporator, to a composition containing the diisocyanate which is solid at room temperature, and to a method for producing an elastomer from this composition and to the elastomer itself.

Method and device for the preparation of monophasic powders of actinide salts which are precursors in the production of fuel pellets. In one aspect, a compact and simple device is provided to obtain dry monophasic powders of actinide salts in one stage, while increasing the productivity, chemical and nuclear safety of the process. In a second aspect, the method comprises feeding of nitric actinides-containing solution and formic acid to a cylindrical healed reactor, grinding the resulting powder, and disc hanging the powder. The nitric actinides-containing solution and formic acid are continuously metered to the upper zone of the reactor so that the reactive chemicals are mixed in a thin film on the heat-exchange surface, where the reaction mixture is continuously stirred by rotor blades. Also occurring are the processes of denitration, formation of the relevant compounds, their drying and grinding and collecting dry salts of actinides in a hopper by gravity.

The invention concerns an apparatus (10) for separation of components with different volatility in a mixed fluid, said apparatus (10) comprising: a first heat exchanging unit (100) provided with first and second flow path structures (131, 132) forming separate flow paths for a first and a second fluid flow through the first heat-exchanging unit (100); an inlet (118) for feeding the mixed fluid to the apparatus (10); an inlet (119) for feeding steam to the apparatus (10); an arrangement for feeding a cooling medium through the apparatus (10), wherein said arrangement comprises at least one cooling medium inlet (105, 106, 107, 108). The invention is characterized in that the apparatus (10) comprises a second heat-exchanging unit (200) provided with third and fourth flow path structures (233, 234) forming separate flow paths for a first and a second fluid flow through the second heat-exchanging unit (200), wherein the cooling medium arrangement comprises at least one cooling medium inlet (205, 206, 207, 208) arranged in fluid communication with the fourth flow path structure (234) and wherein the first and third flow path structures (131, 233) are arranged in fluid communication with each other.

A vertically-integrated Cannabis-related product production method is described, the method comprises, producing a distilled cannabinoid and/or a crystallized cannabinoid from Cannabis plants, comprising: in a farming system, growing the Cannabis plants, the Cannabis plants comprise a cannabinoid; in an extraction system, extracting the cannabinoid from the Cannabis plants; in a purification system, purifying the cannabinoid to produce a purified cannabinoid; and in a distillation and/or a crystallization system, distilling and/or crystallizing the purified cannabinoid to produce the distilled cannabinoid and/or the crystallized cannabinoid. Various ways to purify, distill, and process the cannabinoids are described. An insect pest management system may be integrated with the farming system to grow the Cannabis plants in the presence of predatory mites which feed on insects and/or spider mites.

A crystalline pigment or colorant composition having high color intensity and/or low sugar content, and methods and processes of preparation. The composition may comprise purified fruit and/or vegetable color juices.

A shell-and-tube equipment has a cylindrical geometry and is arranged along a vertical axis. The shell-and-tube equipment comprises an upper chamber and a lower chamber connected to a common tube bundle on opposite sides. The upper chamber is provided with at least an inlet nozzle for inletting a first fluid. The tube bundle is surrounded by a shell provided with nozzles for inletting and outletting a second fluid which exchanges heat with the first fluid through the tube bundle. The upper chamber encloses at least a distribution device configured for uniformly delivering the first fluid towards the tube bundle. The distribution device comprises an annular channel which is arranged around the vertical axis and is in fluid communication with the inlet nozzle. The distribution device comprises a plurality of channel modules of circular trapezoid shape, tightly joined together at their respective vertical edges for forming the annular channel.