The present invention relates to a system and method using a reservoir specially designed for desalinating sea water. The invention makes it possible to evaporate the sea water and condense the resulting vapor at low pressure. Discharges into the sea resulting from said desalination operations have a low salt concentration. The present system and method can be used to recycle energy, even energy which is difficult to recycle, for desalinating sea water, or can be combined with other desalination techniques, for example such as MSF evaporation or MED distillation.

One or more novel processes for producing hydrogen, oxygen, and in some cases, distilled and cleaned water from a contaminated effluent, are disclosed. In one example of utilizing this novel process, the water from contaminated effluent is transferred into a draw solution using an entrochemical system through a vapor-mediated forward osmosis process. The process is enabled by the generation of a wet vacuum in one or more entrochemical cells incorporated into the entrochemical system. This process generates a diluted draw solution that can be utilized as an abundant water feedstock in an electrolyzer for electrolysis, which in turn generates hydrogen and oxygen. In some embodiments, an entrochemical distiller may also be utilized to distill a portion of the contaminated effluent for clean water as a result of thermal transfers during the vapor-mediated forward osmosis process. mediated forward osmosis process.

The disclosed embodiments relate to a system that performs low-temperature desalination. During operation, the system feeds cold saline water through a liquid-cooling system in a computer data center, wherein the cold saline water is used as a coolant, thereby causing the cold saline water to become heated saline water. Next, the system feeds the heated saline water into a vacuum evaporator comprising a water column having a headspace, which is under a negative pressure due to gravity pulling on the heated saline water in the water column. This negative pressure facilitates evaporation of the heated saline water to form water vapor. Finally, the system directs the water vapor through a condenser, which condenses the water vapor to produce desalinated water.

A process for fine purification of isophoronediamine (IPDA), including producing IPDA by aminating hydrogenation of isophorone nitrile in the presence of at least ammonia, hydrogen, a a hydrogenation catalyst and optionally further additions to obtain a crude IPDA, and subjecting the crude IPDA to a fine purification via two vacuum distillation columns, wherein in the first vacuum distillation column the removal of any remaining relatively low-boiling byproducts is effected and in the second vacuum distillation column the IPDA is obtained in pure form as tops and thus separated from the organic residues, and wherein the first vacuum distillation column has vacuum distillation column has a partial condenser fitted to it.

A water distillation system including a reservoir unit configured to reserve a second liquid of higher concentration than the first liquid; a pipe including a first end communicated with the first liquid and a second end communicated with the second liquid in the reservoir unit; a semipermeable membrane fitted on the pipe to separate the first liquid and the second liquid, so that the first liquid is mixed into the second liquid through the semipermeable membrane and led to the reservoir unit by osmotic action; and a distillation unit configured to distill the second liquid in the reservoir unit by solar energy.

A method for separating a lubrication oil from a waste fluid includes separating water from the waste fluid including a lubrication oil by heating the waste fluid while sealed in a first vacuum chamber to a first maximum specified temperature and first specified pressure. Fuel oil is separated from a fluid received from the first vacuum chamber by heating the fluid while sealed in a second vacuum chamber to a second maximum specified temperature that his higher than the first maximum specified temperature and at a second specified pressure. Finally, the lubrication oil is separated from a fluid received from the second vacuum chamber by heating the fluid received from the second vacuum chamber while sealed in a third vacuum chamber to a third maximum specified temperature that his higher than the second maximum specified temperature and at a third specified pressure. The first, second and third pressures need not be different.

A method for separating a lubrication oil from a waste fluid includes separating water from the waste fluid by heating the waste fluid while sealed in a first vacuum chamber to a first temperature and first pressure. Fuel oil is separated from a fluid received from the first vacuum chamber by heating the fluid while sealed in a second vacuum chamber to a second temperature that is higher than the first temperature and at a second pressure. Finally, the lubrication oil is separated from a fluid received from the second vacuum chamber by heating the fluid received from the second vacuum chamber while sealed in a third vacuum chamber to a third temperature that is higher than the second temperature and at a third pressure.

A water distillation system including a reservoir unit configured to reserve a second liquid of higher concentration than the first liquid; a pipe including a first end communicated with the first liquid and a second end communicated with the second liquid in the reservoir unit; a semipermeable membrane fitted on the pipe to separate the first liquid and the second liquid, so that the first liquid is mixed into the second liquid through the semipermeable membrane and led to the reservoir unit by osmotic action; and a distillation unit configured to distill the second liquid in the reservoir unit by solar energy.

The steam condensation and water distillation system including a first part having an evaporation compartment in which water received from a water source is evaporated and which has a vacuum environment and a first column in which high density water is accumulated; a steam line passing through the evaporation compartment; a condensation pool; a second part having a condensation compartment in which the steam is transferred and which has a vacuum environment, a second column to receive distilled water formed by the condensation of the steam, and a distilled water compartment positioned in the condensation compartment and having clean water; a first distilled water line in connection with the distilled water compartment and the second column; and a second distilled water line by which distilled water is transferred for utilization.

Techniques are described herein for using a high-pressure reactor to separate clean water from dirty water without filtration and to extract and concentrate contaminants from dirty water for use as a fuel. In particular, techniques and systems are described for separating water from hydrocarbon contaminates, other BTU-laden compounds, and dissolved minerals, while also boiling water and condensing the resulting steam into distilled water. In addition, system in which the described techniques are performed can be used as a high-pressure pump for moving the separated hydrocarbon contaminates forward into other processes, such as a high-pressure reactor or incinerator.