A fuel oxygen reduction unit for an engine is provided. The fuel oxygen reduction unit includes a contactor including a fuel inlet that receives an inlet fuel flow and a stripping gas inlet that receives an inlet stripping gas flow, the contactor configured to form a fuel/gas mixture; a separator that receives the fuel/gas mixture, the fuel oxygen reduction unit defining a circulation gas flowpath from the separator to the contactor; and a stripping gas source selectively in fluid communication with the circulation gas flowpath for selectively introducing a stripping gas from the stripping gas source to the circulation gas flowpath, wherein the stripping gas source is an accessory gearbox.

Present invention relates to process for reducing the MOSH and/or MOAH content from vegetable liquid oil, comprising steps of: a) subjecting the vegetable liquid oil to short-path evaporation, wherein the short-path evaporation is performed at a pressure of below 1 mbar, at an evaporator temperature in a range of from 200° C. to 300° C., and with a feed rate per unit area of evaporator surface of the shorth-path evaporation equipment in a range of from 30 to 220 kg/h.Math.m.sup.2, and thus obtaining a retentate vegetable liquid oil, b) Contacting the retentate vegetable liquid oil of step a) with an adsorbent, and c) Subjecting the bleached retentate vegetable liquid oil of step b) to a further refining step carried out in an oil refining equipment consisting of a stripping column with packing and not more than one oil collection tray or in a deodorizer.

A multi-stage process for reducing the environmental contaminants in an ISO8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil involving a core desulfurizing process and a Detrimental Solids removal unit as either a pre-treating step or post-treating step to the core process. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil complies with ISO 8217 for residual marine fuel oils and has a sulfur level has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass and a Detrimental Solids content less than 60 mg/kg. A process plant for conducting the process is also disclosed.

A multi-stage process for transforming a high sulfur ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil involving a core desulfurizing process that produces a Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil that can be used as a feedstock for subsequent refinery process such as anode grade coking, needle coking and fluid catalytic cracking. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil exhibits multiple properties desirable as a feedstock for those processes including a sulfur level has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass. A process plant for conducting the process is also disclosed.

Present invention relates to a process for reducing the MOSH and/or MOAH content from vegetable lauric oil, comprising steps of: a) subjecting the vegetable lauric oil to a short-path evaporation, wherein the short-path evaporation is performed at a pressure of below 1 mbar, at an evaporator temperature in a range of from 150 to 200° C. and with a feed rate per unit area of evaporator surface of the shorth-path evaporation equipment in a range of from 10 to 50 kg/h.m.sup.2, b) Contacting the retentate vegetable lauric oil of step a) with an adsorbent, and c) Subjecting the bleached retentate vegetable lauric oil of step b) to a further refining step carried out in an oil refining equipment consisting of a stripping column with packing and not more than one oil collection tray or in a deodorizer, and obtaining a refined retentate vegetable lauric oil.

Present invention relates to a process for reducing the content of MOSH and/or MOAH from vegetable liquid oil, wherein the process is comprising the step of subjecting vegetable liquid oil to a short-path evaporation, wherein the short-path evaporation is performed at a pressure of below 1 mbar, at an evaporator temperature in a range of from 200° C. to 300° C., and with a feed rate per unit area of evaporator surface of the shorth-path evaporation equipment in a range of from 30 to 220 kg/h.Math.m.sup.2. Present invention further relates to the use of short-path evaporation performed at a pressure below 1 mbar, at an evaporator temperature of from 200 to 300° C., and a feed rate per unit area of evaporator surface of the shorth-path evaporation equipment in a range of from 30 to 220 kg/h.Math.m.sup.2, for reducing the content of MOSH and/or MOAH from vegetable liquid oil.

In the hydrocracking process in accordance with the invention, which comprises a hydrocracking section, a high pressure hot separator and a fractionation section, upstream of the fractionation section, a stripper or reboiler column type separation column is added which treats at least a portion of the heavy effluent obtained from the high pressure hot separator. All or a portion of the bottom fraction from said column, which is rich in polynuclear aromatic compounds, is purged. At least a portion of the bottom fraction obtained from the fractionation section, which is constituted by unconverted products, is recycled to the reaction section.

A multi-stage process for the production of an ISO 8217 compliant Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil from ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil involving a Reaction System composed of one or more reactor vessels selected from a group reactor wherein said one or more reactor vessels contains one or more reaction sections configured to promote the transformation of the Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil to the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil has a Environmental Contaminate level has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass. A process plant for conducting the process for conducting the process is disclosed that can utilize a modular reactor vessel.

A process for reducing the environmental contaminants in a ISO8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil, the process involving: mixing a quantity of the Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil with a quantity of Activating Gas mixture to give a feedstock mixture; contacting the feedstock mixture with one or more catalysts to form a Process Mixture from the feedstock mixture; separating the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil liquid components of the Process Mixture from the gaseous components and by-product hydrocarbon components of the Process Mixture and, discharging the Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil is compliant with ISO 8217 for residual marine fuel oils and the Environmental Contaminants, which are selected from the group consisting of: a sulfur; vanadium, nickel, iron, aluminum and silicon and combinations thereof, have concentration less than 0.5 wt %. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil can be used as or as a blending stock for an ISO 8217 compliant, IMO MARPOL Annex VI (revised) compliant low sulfur or ultralow sulfur heavy marine fuel oil.

Various aspects of this patent document relate to a method to extract an oil from a plant material using an apparatus by first exposing the plant material to a heated gas stream at a temperature sufficient to volatilize the oil from the plant material, and then rapidly cooling the gas stream to liquefy the oil.