An apparatus and process doubles the number of trays in a single fractionation column. A dividing wall is used to isolate a first side from a second side and fractionation on trays on each side is independent of the other. A transition vapor stream is ducted from a top of a first side to the bottom of the second side, and a transition liquid stream is ducted from a bottom of the second side to the top of the first side.

The present application relates to an apparatus and method for purifying cumene. The apparatus and method for purifying cumene according to the present application can reduce the amount of energy consumption which occurs during purification processes and can provide an apparatus and method capable of efficiently purifying cumene.

A counter-flow simultaneous heat and mass exchange device is operated by directing flows of two fluids into a heat and mass exchange device at initial mass flow rates where ideal changes in total enthalpy rates of the two fluids are unequal. At least one of the following state variables in the fluids is measured: temperature, pressure and concentration, which together define the thermodynamic state of the two fluid streams at the points of entry to and exit from the device. The flow rates of the fluids at the points of entry and/or exit to/from the device are measured; and the mass flow rate of at least one of the two fluids is changed such that the ideal change in total enthalpy rates of the two fluids through the device are brought closer to being equal.

The present invention relates to a method of controlling a concentration of a first component of a rectification column for separating a binary mixture of the first component with a second component on the basis of temperature measurements, wherein a control path defined by temperature sensors (T3, T2, T6) arranged in the longitudinal direction of the column is linearized with the aid of an estimated temperature profile, wherein a real temperature profile T*(h), determined by means of the temperature sensors, is approximated by a function T(h) in dependence on a column height h, wherein the column id divided into two sections along the column height h and the function T(h) is defined section by section on the basis, in each case, of a logistical function.

Systems and process are provided for refining off-gases that are produced by a carbonizer with a controlled heated column. The controlled heated column performs hydro-carbon recycling, and acts as a cracking tower that takes the carbonizer off-gas as a feedstock and distills the off-gases into constituent parts under pressure and temperature conditions where the feedstock evaporates and condenses into a fractional column of distillates. The carbonizer uses anaerobic thermal transformation processing to convert waste into bio-gas; bio-oil; carbonized materials; non-organic ash, distillates, and varied further co-products. The carbonaceous waste is transformed into useful co-products that are re-introduced into the stream of commerce at various economically advantageous points including carbon, carbon-based inks and dyes, activated carbon, aerogels, bio-coke, and bio-char, as well as generate electricity, produce adjuncts for natural gas, and/or various aromatic oils, phenols, and liquids, all depending upon the input materials and parameters

The present application relates to an apparatus and method for purifying cumene. The apparatus and method for purifying cumene according to the present application can reduce the amount of energy consumption which occurs during purification processes and can provide an apparatus and method capable of efficiently purifying cumene.

The method for industrially producing a cyclic alkylene carbonate comprises: a first distillation and separation step of continuously introducing a crude cyclic alkylene carbonate into a low-boiling separation column A, and continuously withdrawing a column top component (At) through the column top and a column bottom component (Ab) containing a cyclic alkylene carbonate through the column bottom in the low-boiling separation column A; and a second distillation and separation step of continuously introducing the column bottom component (Ab) obtained in the first step into a cyclic alkylene carbonate purification column B having a side outlet, and continuously withdrawing three components of a column top component (Bt) through the column top, a side cut component (Bs) through the side outlet, and a column bottom component (Bb) through the column bottom in the purification column B, wherein the side cut component (Bs) is a cyclic alkylene carbonate with electronic grade specifications.

The present application relates to an apparatus and method for purifying cumene. The apparatus and method for purifying cumene according to the present application can reduce the amount of energy consumption which occurs during purification processes and can provide an apparatus and method capable of efficiently purifying cumene.

The duty of internal heat exchange can be flexibly adjusted without impairing energy saving performance of a HIDiC. A method of adjusting the duty of heat exchange in a heat exchange structure of a HIDiC includes totally condensing a portion of the vapor fed to a heat exchange structure in a heat exchange structure; and providing a liquid control valve downstream of the heat exchange structure on the first line, without providing a control valve on a vapor-flowing part of first and second lines of the HIDiC, and adjusting a flow rate of a portion of the compressor outlet vapor flowing into the heat exchange structure by using the control valve, while compensating for a pressure loss needed for the control valve by using a liquid head of a condensate, and/or by using pressurization by a pump.

A device for reducing the alcohol content of wines and other alcoholic beverages, comprising a distillation column (71) of the liquid to be treated, a first sensor (31) for measuring the temperature of the liquid, a heating resistance (41) for heating the liquid, a second sensor (55) for measuring the temperature of the vapors in the column (71) and an outlet pipe (60) of the vapors, which is connected to a condenser (18) and then reaches a collection container (24), inside of which the vacuum is provided by means of a setting solenoid valve (20) and a vacuum pump (21), which are connected to a pressure sensor (19); an electronic control circuit (16) detects the measurements made by the temperature sensors (31, 55) and by the pressure sensor (19) and adjusts the power of the heating resistance (41) and the opening of the setting solenoid valve (20).