In an example, a condenser apparatus to condense vapored fluid has a gas inlet, a mesh, a cooling element, and a gas outlet. The mesh is configured to carry a layer of condensed fluid. The cooling element is configured to cool the layer of condensed fluid. The mesh is configured to let pass through vapored fluid and to create bubbles including vapored fluid in the layer of condensed fluid.

Described are a high pressure carbamate condenser, urea plant, and urea production process. The high pressure carbamate condenser as described is of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger type with a tube bundle and has a redistribution chamber connected to tubes of the tube bundle and to a duct. The duct extends between the redistribution chamber and the shell.

Methods and systems involving thermal desorption of an oily slurry are provided. In some embodiments, such systems include a desorption vessel including an inner chamber; a heating unit disposed adjacent to the desorption vessel configured to heat a slurry including solids and oil disposed in the inner chamber of the desorption vessel; and a plurality of vapor outlets in fluid communication with the inner chamber of the desorption vessel, wherein each vapor outlet is in fluid communication with a condenser or an eductor for condensing vapors generated by heating the slurry.

Provided is a device for preparing butadiene. The device includes an oxidative dehydrogenation reaction part, in which oxidative dehydrogenation of reaction raw materials containing butene, oxygen (O.sub.2), steam, and a diluent gas is performed to obtain oxidative dehydrogenation reaction products containing butadiene; a cooling separation part for removing water from the reaction products; a condensation separation part for condensing hydrocarbons from the reaction products from which water is removed; an absorption separation part for recovering all hydrocarbons from the reaction products containing hydrocarbons not condensed in the condensation separation part; and a purification part for separating butadiene from crude hydrocarbons condensed in the condensation separation part, wherein n-butane remaining after butadiene is separated in the purification part is fed again into the oxidative dehydrogenation reaction part. The device can provide high-purity butadiene while reducing energy consumption and raw material and production costs, thereby improving economic efficiency of processes.

The quick response system and method for removing volatile compounds from contaminated water disclosed herein may comprise, at least, a preconditioning stage, a stripping stage, a condenser stage, a refrigeration stage, and a scrubber stage. The present invention relates to a portable system and method that can be deployed on an emergency or quick response basis to purify aqueous streams containing volatile organic compounds (VOC) and chlorinated hydrocarbons, collectively volatile compounds (VC), emitted from petroleum and chemical processing facilities. The system allows manufacturing facilities having internal cleanup issues to become compliant with environmental standards and guidelines quickly. Once the issues in the petroleum facility are fixed, this method can be demobilized and removed from the site in a short period of time.

Described are a high pressure carbamate condenser, urea plant, and urea production process. The high pressure carbamate condenser as described is of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger type with a tube bundle and has a redistribution chamber connected to tubes of the tube bundle and to a duct. The duct extends between the redistribution chamber and the shell.

Provided is a device for preparing butadiene. The device includes an oxidative dehydrogenation reaction part, in which oxidative dehydrogenation of reaction raw materials containing butene, oxygen (O.sub.2), steam, and a diluent gas is performed to obtain oxidative dehydrogenation reaction products containing butadiene; a cooling separation part for removing water from the reaction products; a condensation separation part for condensing hydrocarbons from the reaction products from which water is removed; an absorption separation part for recovering all hydrocarbons from the reaction products containing hydrocarbons not condensed in the condensation separation part; and a purification part for separating butadiene from crude hydrocarbons condensed in the condensation separation part, wherein n-butane remaining after butadiene is separated in the purification part is fed again into the oxidative dehydrogenation reaction part. The device can provide high-purity butadiene while reducing energy consumption and raw material and production costs, thereby improving economic efficiency of processes.

A water treatment system comprising a mechanical vapour compression apparatus (11), the mechanical vapour apparatus having a evaporation/condensation vessel (11a) and a recirculation circuit (20) whereby recirculated water is pumped from an outlet (18a) of the evaporation/condensation vessel (11A) to an inlet (18B) of the evaporation/condensation vessel (11A), wherein the recirculation circuit (20) comprises a fluidized bed crystallizer (22), and at least part of the recirculated brine is passed through the fluidized bed crystallizer (22) to remove dissolved minerals therefrom.

A system for the pyrolysis of a pyrolysis feedstock utilizes a pyrolysis reactor for producing pyrolysis products from the pyrolysis feedstock to be pyrolyzed. An eductor condenser unit in fluid communication with the pyrolysis reactor is used to condense pyrolysis gases. The eductor condenser unit has an eductor assembly having an eductor body that defines a first flow path with a venturi restriction disposed therein for receiving a pressurized coolant fluid and a second flow path for receiving pyrolysis gases from the pyrolysis reactor The second flow path intersects the first flow path so that the received pyrolysis gases are combined with the coolant fluid. The eductor body has a discharge to allow the combined coolant fluid and pyrolysis gases to be discharged together from the eductor. A mixing chamber in fluid communication with the discharge of the eductor to facilitates mixing of the combined coolant fluid and pyrolysis gases, wherein at least a portion of the pyrolysis gases are condensed within the mixing chamber.

The present invention relates to a method of preparing butadiene and a device for preparing the same. According to the present invention, when butadiene is prepared by oxidative dehydrogenation of butene, unlike conventional methods, in which nitrogen is used as a diluent gas and an absorption method is used to separate butadiene from reaction products, butane is used as a diluent gas and a condensation method, in which butadiene is liquefied and separated from reaction products using a low-temperature refrigerant or cooling water, is used. In addition, an absorption method of recovering all hydrocarbons from an upper stream generated in a condensation process is used, so that loss of hydrocarbons is minimized. Therefore, the method and device of the present invention may provide high-purity butadiene while reducing raw material costs, production costs, and energy consumption, thereby improving economic efficiency of processes.