The invention generally relates to systems and methods for increasing reaction yield. In certain embodiments, the invention provides systems for increasing a yield of a chemical reaction that include a pneumatic sprayer configured to generate a liquid spray discharge from a solvent. The solvent includes a plurality of molecules, a portion of which react with each other within the liquid spray discharge to form a reaction product. The system also includes a collector positioned to receive the liquid spray discharge including the unreacted molecules and the reaction product. The system also includes a recirculation loop connected from the collector to the pneumatic sprayer in order to allow the unreacted molecules and the reaction product to be recycled through the pneumatic sprayer, thereby allowing a plurality of the unreacted molecules to react with each other as the unreacted molecules cycle again through the system.

The present invention relates to a method of preparing butadiene and a device for preparing the same. According to the present invention, when butadiene is prepared by oxidative dehydrogenation of butene, unlike conventional methods, in which nitrogen is used as a diluent gas and an absorption method is used to separate butadiene from reaction products, butane is used as a diluent gas and a condensation method, in which butadiene is liquefied and separated from reaction products using a low-temperature refrigerant or cooling water, is used. In addition, an absorption method of recovering all hydrocarbons from an upper stream generated in a condensation process is used, so that loss of hydrocarbons is minimized. Therefore, the method and device of the present invention may provide high-purity butadiene while reducing raw material costs, production costs, and energy consumption, thereby improving economic efficiency of processes.

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for recycling plastics, electronics, munitions or propellants. In particular, the method comprises reacting a feed stock with a molten aluminum or aluminum alloy bath. The apparatus includes a reaction vessel for carrying out the reaction, as well as other equipment necessary for capturing and removing the reaction products. Further, the process can be used to cogenerate electricity using the excess heat generated by the process.

The present system is for integrated management of associated gas and produced water at oil well extraction sites. The system includes a controller that makes gas allocation determination (e.g., directs conditioned gas to (i) gas flare, (ii) produced water reduction system, and/or (iii) generator) when a change in conditioned gas flow is detected based on first plurality of inputs. If the conditioned gas is directed to the generator, then the controller makes an electricity allocation determination (e.g., (i) increase a data processing operating rate on a data processing server, (ii) start up idle data processing equipment, (iii) direct generated electric current to a power grid, and/or (iv) charge a storage battery) based on second plurality of inputs. By operating the system of gas consumption and electricity production/consumption in an integrated fashion, benefits of flaring prevention, resource conversation, and more efficient economic operations are optimized to a degree not previously attainable.

A system for the pyrolysis of a pyrolysis feedstock utilizes a pyrolysis reactor for producing pyrolysis products from the pyrolysis feedstock to be pyrolyzed. An eductor condenser unit in fluid communication with the pyrolysis reactor is used to condense pyrolysis gases. The eductor condenser unit has an eductor assembly having an eductor body that defines a first flow path with a venturi restriction disposed therein for receiving a pressurized coolant fluid and a second flow path for receiving pyrolysis gases from the pyrolysis reactor. The second flow path intersects the first flow path so that the received pyrolysis gases are combined with the coolant fluid. The eductor body has a discharge to allow the combined coolant fluid and pyrolysis gases to be discharged together from the eductor. A mixing chamber in fluid communication with the discharge of the eductor to facilitates mixing of the combined coolant fluid and pyrolysis gases, wherein at least a portion of the pyrolysis gases are condensed within the mixing chamber.

A water treatment system comprising a mechanical vapour compression apparatus (11), the mechanical vapour apparatus having a evaporation/condensation vessel (11a) and a recirculation circuit (20) whereby recirculated water is pumped from an outlet (18a) of the evaporation/condensation vessel (11A) to an inlet (18B) of the evaporation/condensation vessel (11A), wherein the recirculation circuit (20) comprises a fluidized bed crystallizer (22), and at least part of the recirculated brine is passed through the fluidized bed crystallizer (22) to remove dissolved minerals therefrom.

An improved system for separating gas from a process stream by providing a stripping unit at the overhead stream of a fractionation column to selectively and effectively remove the gas using a stripping fluid without providing a dedicated light-ends separations unit. The stripper unit may be connected to the reflux drum at the overhead stream. The system for separating gas further achieves greater thermodynamic efficiency by means of a split column design using mechanical vapor recompression with the reboiler and condenser integrated in a falling-film evaporator- or thermosiphon-type vapo-condenser.

A method for washing and purification with a low-temperature methanol at least includes the following steps: condensing a raw shift gas and conducting a gas-liquid separation to obtain CO.sub.2-containing liquid and a separated raw material gas; and vaporizing the CO.sub.2-containing liquid and reducing a pressure by an expansion to obtain a CO.sub.2-containing gas; and washing the separated raw material gas with a methanol to obtain a purified gas. The present application combines CO.sub.2 condensation and an expander, so that the load of cooling capacity of the system for washing with a low-temperature methanol is reduced by 60%. At the same time, the external work done by the expander reduces the energy consumption of the system. After the CO.sub.2 in the purifying gas of desulfurization in the section A of the scrubber is condensed, the amount of CO.sub.2 entering the section B is reduced.

Systems and methods generate steam mixed with desired non-condensable gas concentrations using a direct steam generator. Injecting the steam into a reservoir may facilitate recovering hydrocarbons from the reservoir. Cooling an output of the direct steam generator produces water condensate, which is then separated from the non-condensable gas, such as carbon dioxide. Reducing pressure of the condensate subsequently heated by cross-exchange with effluent of the direct steam generator regenerates the steam with the carbon dioxide removed for the injection.

An electrical apparatus for electrical energy handling includes a housing with at least one insulation space, in which an electrical component is arranged and which contains an insulation medium surrounding the electrical component. The insulation medium includes an organofluorine compound and at least one further gaseous component. The apparatus further includes a gas flow generating device for flowing an initial gas mixture, containing the organofluorine compound and at least one further component of the insulation medium, out of the insulation space through an outlet opening arranged in the housing. A substance recovery device downstream of outlet opening includes a separator for separating the organofluorine compound from the at least one further component of the initial gas mixture, the separator being a liquefaction device for liquefying and/or solidification device for solidifying the organofluorine compound.