A process for treating wastewater or waste brines that include sodium and chloride ions. The waste brine is concentrated and thereafter directed to a Mirabilite crystallizer that produces hydrated sulfate salt crystals and a first solution. The hydrated crystals are melted to form an aqueous sulfate solution that is directed to a sodium sulfate crystallizer which produces sodium sulfate salt crystals. The first solution produced by the Mirabilite crystallizer is directed to a nanofiltration device which produces a permeate stream and a reject stream containing sulfate removed by the nanofiltration device. The permeate stream is directed to a sodium chloride crystallizer that produces sodium chloride salt crystals. The reject stream is recycled to the Mirabilite crystallizer.

Aspects of the disclosure include crystalline solids of 3-palmitoyl-amido-1,2-propanediol and 3-palmitoyl-amido-2-hydroxy-1-dimethoxytriphenylmethylether-propane. Methods for preparing the crystalline solids of 3-palmitoyl-amido-1,2-propanediol and single crystals of 3-palmitoyl-amido-2-hydroxy-1-dimethoxytriphenylmethylether-propane are also provided. Methods for preparing a 3-palmitoyl-amido-2-hydroxy-1-dimethoxytriphenylmethylether-propane from a crystalline solid of 3-palmitoyl-amido-1,2-propanediol are also described.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide alkali metal salt powder having high purity while suppressing reduction in yield due to thermal decomposition, etc. The method for producing a bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide alkali metal salt powder according to the present invention comprises precipitating a bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide alkali metal salt by conducting distillation using a thin-film evaporator while adding a poor solvent for the bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide alkali metal salt such as an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent and a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent to a solution formed by dissolving the bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide alkali metal salt in a good solvent for the bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide alkali metal salt such as an ester solvent and nitrile solvent.

A system and method for increasing the water production efficiency of a desalination plant and producing concentrated calcium and magnesium is provided. A saline source water is preferably subjected to a first treatment such a passage through a first desalination unit, followed by dual treatment of the first treatment reject stream using physicochemical adsorption and electrodialysis to remove scale-forming calcium and magnesium. The reject stream from the dual treatment may then be received by a second desalination unit. Due to the removal of the majority of the saline source water's scale-forming minerals, the second desalination unit may be operated at higher operating limits than in conventional desalination units without significant concern for fouling due to scaling. The approach of the present system and method efficiently increases the fresh water production ratio from the source saline water while generating commercially attractive concentrated calcium and magnesium products.

A separator is provided for removing hydrocarbons and fluid from solids from a slurry. The separator includes a first separator tank for receiving a slurry of fluid and solids contaminated with hydrocarbons, said first separator tank comprising agitating means for agitating hydrocarbons to separate from the slurry and rise as foam and comprising a lower end to collect the solids; a first centrifuge in communication with the lower end of the first separator tank to receive and centrifuge the solids to further remove hydrocarbons therefrom, said first centrifuge comprising a fluid return to return fluids to the first separator tank; a second separator tank for receiving solids from the first centrifuge, said second separator tank comprising agitator means for agitating hydrocarbons to separate from the slurry and rise as foam and comprising a lower end to collect solids; a second centrifuge in communication with the lower end of the second separator tank to receive and centrifuge the solids to further remove hydrocarbons therefrom, said second centrifuge comprising a fluid return to return fluids to the second separator tank; and one or more settling tanks connected in series with each of said first and second separator tanks for further separation of hydrocarbons from fluid. Solids exiting the first and second centrifuges are at least 99% free of hydrocarbons.

The invention relates to a method for producing a cocrystal of at least two compounds by means of instantaneous evaporation or flash evaporation, for example for the production of cocrystals in the fields of energetic materials, pharmaceutical compounds, phytopharmaceutical compounds, ferroelectric materials, non-linear response materials or bioelectronic materials.

The invention relates to a device for drawing off liquid salt, particularly for facilities for purifying wastewater, said device comprising a heating chamber. The heating chamber comprises an inlet for introducing a salt-containing substance and is connected to an outlet for a salt melt. The outlet comprises an outlet channel and an outlet channel end, a cooling region for cooling the salt melt being provided down-stream of the outlet channel end. The outlet channel is peripherally surrounded by an outlet wall at least along a section, the outlet comprising heating element.

A water evaporation system includes an evaporation module configured to evaporate water from a brine; a support module attached to the evaporation module and configured to support the evaporation module above the brine; and an inlet configured to add a crystal growth inhibitor to the brine.

A method of concentrating and/or producing lithium hydroxide in an evaporator entails feeding a stream comprising lithium, hydroxide and carbonate to the evaporator. In the evaporator, the feed is concentrated to form lithium hydroxide and lithium carbonate crystals. Further, the method entails reducing the tendency of lithium carbonate to scale the evaporator by increasing the concentration of lithium carbonate crystals in the evaporator by: (1) clarifying at least a portion of the concentrate in the evaporator to form a clarified solution; and (2) discharging the clarified solution as a clarified solution stream from the evaporator.

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of alkali metal cyanides as a solid substance, comprising the steps of: i) an absorption step in the form of an absorption of hydrogen cyanide from a hydrogen cyanide-containing synthesis gas in an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution; ii) a crystallization step in the form of introducing said alkali metal cyanide solution into an evaporative crystallizer; iii) a separation step; iv) a recycle step; v) a drying step.