The invention is directed to an improvement in operation of wash columns, and more in particular to an apparatus for separating solid particles from a slurry and to a process for separating solid particles from a mother liquor slurry. The apparatus of the invention comprises a wash column (1), which comprises a melting circuit (8,10,11,21), wherein means (22,23) are present to introduce a compound or composition to said wash column between a wash front (6b) formed in said wash column in operation and a product outlet and/or in the melting circuit. The process of the invention comprises separating the liquid from the solid particles by filtration with the aid of at least one filtering element (4), while a packed bed of solid particles coming from the mother liquid slurry forms near said filtering element (4), and wherein a wash front (6b) forms which is obtained by bringing a washing liquid in counter current to the solid particles in the bed, the bed being subjected to a movement in the direction of said wash front (6b), while a product stream comprising the material of said solid particles is obtained by continuously discharging a portion of said washing liquid, wherein a portion of said bed is continuously disintegrated, characterized in that a compound or composition is introduced into said wash column (1) between the wash front (6b) and a product outlet and/or in a melting circuit (8,10,11,21), and wherein the introduction of the said compound or composition decreases the equilibrium temperature of the contents of the melting circuit (8,10,11,21), further characterized by the feature that the introduced compound or composition is completely miscible with the product suspension and/or molten product being present in the said melting circuit (8,10,11,21).

A method for purifying crystals in a glass or metal container. A hydrocarbon is introduced into feed material containing tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). The feed material and hydrocarbon is placed in a glass or metal container. The hydrocarbon is then removed within a few minutes after introduction, leaving at least some hydrocarbon in the feed material. Pressure is allowed to build within the container in an oven or in a jacketed vessel for 2-3 weeks. During this time, THC acid crystals precipitate out and fall to the bottom of the container. The contents of the container are poured into a Buchner funnel and a vacuum is applied thereto in order to pull terpenes into a beaker. The terpenes are placed into an oven in order to purge off any remaining solvent. The funnel is then scraped to acquire THC acid crystals.

A crystallization column and a crystallization method. The crystallization column comprises an upper head (1), a tower body (2) and a lower head (3), wherein a crystallization section (11) is provided with a tray (14); and the tray (14) comprises a tray plate (15) and a plurality of lower crystallization members (17). The top end of the lower crystallization member (17) can form a movable connection with the tray plate (15), so that the two adjacent lower crystallizing members (17) are capable of oscillating collisions. The tray (14) may also comprise a plurality of upper crystallization members (21) extending upwardly from the upper surface of the tray plate (15).

Provided are methods for monitoring a filtration and washing operation on a solid-state bulk material in a filter apparatus for cake filtration. The methods include separating a solid-state bulk material in a suspension medium using a filter element for the cake filtration, leading off the suspension medium in the form of a filtrate stream into a filtrate outlet, measuring at least one parameter value of the filtrate stream over a period of time during the filtration and washing operation, and conducting a change analysis of the at least one parameter value over the period of the filtration and washing operation to achieve the end of the filtration and washing operation and/or the effectiveness of the filtration and washing operation.

A wash column apparatus for the use in a suspension crystallization process for separating crystals from a crystal suspension mixture includes a cylindrical vessel including a piston with a piston head including a filter and a piston rod, movable in the cylindrical vessel, an inlet for supplying a crystal suspension mixture into the cylindrical vessel, an outlet for discharging mother liquor from the cylindrical vessel, an outlet for discharging crystals or crystal melt from the cylindrical vessel, a circulation conduit for circulating melt arranged outside the vessel, in communication with the wash chamber, a static grid element arranged in the wash chamber for restricting movement of the crystal bed and for directing the wash liquid entering into the cylindrical vessel from the circulation conduit so as to homogeneously distribute it over the entire cross-section of the wash column.

A method for separating one or more titanium (halo) alkoxides from a liquid mixture comprising titanium tetrachloride TiCl.sub.4 and at least one titanium (halo) alkoxide, said method comprising: agitating and cooling the liquid mixture until crystallization of at least one titanium (halo) alkoxide occurs in the liquid mixture; separating the crystallized titanium (halo) alkoxide from the mixture; and optionally, washing the separated, crystallized titanium (halo) alkoxide with a solvent.

A method for the extraction and isolation of the terpene and isoprenoid compounds from plant material, followed by a centrifugal force induced selective crystallization of isoprenoids resulting in a separation of terpene and isoprenoid fractions. This this method is suitable for the extraction of cannabinoids from Cannabis and the enrichment tetrahydrocannabinolic acid and reduction of tetrahydrocannabinol in an extract. The purity of tetrahydrocannabinolic acid resulting from centrifugal crystallization is such that dissolution and selective recrystallization of tetrahydrocannabinolic acid is possible resulting in >99.9% pure tetrahydrocannabinolic acid, w/w.

A method for purifying crystals in a glass or metal container. A hydrocarbon is introduced into feed material containing tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). The feed material and hydrocarbon is placed in a glass or metal container. The hydrocarbon is then removed within a few minutes after introduction, leaving at least some hydrocarbon in the feed material. Pressure is allowed to build within the container in an oven or in a jacketed vessel for 2-3 weeks. During this time, THC acid crystals precipitate out and fall to the bottom of the container. The contents of the container are poured into a Buchner funnel and a vacuum is applied thereto in order to pull terpenes into a beaker. The terpenes are placed into an oven in order to purge off any remaining solvent. The funnel is then scraped to acquire THC acid crystals.

Disclosed herein are plinabulin polymorphs, compositions, their use and preparation as therapeutic agents. In particular, some embodiments relate to plinabulin monohydrate in a crystalline form.

Methods and systems for treating brine to produce distilled water and dried NaCl are disclosed. The brine enters a crystallization plant and is heated. Once heated, the brine is circulated to an evaporator. The evaporator increases the concentration of NaCl in the brine to a point about the super saturation level. Once above the super saturation level, NaCl crystals are formed. The larger crystals are circulated to a centrifuge for drying and the smaller crystals are recirculated through the evaporator for continued growth. The NaCl crystals are dried in the centrifuge.