A method of forming a nanomaterial catalyst mesh and a nanomaterial catalyst mesh formed by the method. The nanomaterial catalyst mesh comprises a copper support mesh and a nanoparticle layer disposed on the copper support mesh. The nanoparticle layer comprises Cu.sub.2O and CuO. The method involves treating the copper mesh support with a plant extract to form a treated mesh and annealing the treated mesh at 210 to 500° C. The nanomaterial catalyst mesh is used in a method of photodegrading an organic pollutant, preferably a dye, involving hydrogen peroxide and visible light.

Embodiments may provide systems and method for purifying natural and/or organically certified nutraceuticals, such as cannabinoids. Embodiments may include refined or unrefined solvents, refined or unrefined plant extracts, refined or unrefined source compounds to be purified to any degree. Embodiments may reduce the concentration of impurities such as other cannabinoids (e.g., THC), terpenes, pesticides, herbicides, mycotoxins, heavy metals, other solvents (e.g., ethanol), waxes, or other impurities. Embodiments may increase the concentration of target compound(s) from its respective source material.

Atmospheric Triphasic Chromatography (ATC) method comprising the steps introducing a raw plant material containing cannabinoids into a non-polar solvent, dissolving the cannabinoids extracted from the raw plant material in the non-polar solvent and removing the raw plant material to obtain a target solution, performing potency analysis and cannabinoid extract profile analysis of the target solution. The method further includes the steps of preparing an aqueous caustic solution and mixing the target solution with the aqueous caustic solution to obtain a mixture followed by separating the mixture into a first phase solution and a second phase solution, and removing the first phase solution to obtain a caustic target solution and acidifying the caustic target solution to produce precipitation of an undesirable compound in the caustic target solution.

A method is disclosed to extract and purify cannabinoids from hemp biomass followed by isolation of various components including THC. The hemp-derived THC is reacted with a halogen, leading to the oxidation of THC to CBN. The removal of halogen is improved via selective solvent exchange. CBN is isolated from the reaction mixture by use of orthogonal chromatography techniques. The CBN is optionally recombined with the remaining purified cannabinoids to create a CBN enriched broad-spectrum extract.

This invention relates to the extraction of psychoactive compounds from organisms for use in medicine. Extraction is carried out with a strong acid or strong base to either promote or inhibit dephosphorylation. The extract in the slurry form is standardized with added excipient so that when it is dried the powdered composition has a specified total psychoactive alkaloid concentration, with a known ratio of phosphorylated to dephosphorylated psychoactive alkaloids.

This disclosure describes systems, methods, and devices for phytochemical extraction. One example extraction system includes two solvent columns, a material column, and a dewaxing column. The solvent columns store and provide solvent for stripping target chemicals from plant material in the material column. The solvent mixed with target chemicals passes into the dewaxing column, where the target chemicals are separated from waxes and lipids. Cooling is applied to elements of the system by way of an open-loop CO2 refrigeration method. Solvent is moved from the solvent columns to the material column by creating a pressure differential between the two solvent columns.

This disclosure describes systems, methods, and devices for phytochemical extraction. One example extraction system includes two solvent columns, a material column, and a dewaxing column. The solvent columns store and provide solvent for stripping target chemicals from plant material in the material column. The solvent mixed with target chemicals passes into the dewaxing column, where the target chemicals are separated from waxes and lipids. Cooling is applied to elements of the system by way of an open-loop CO2 refrigeration method. Solvent is moved from the solvent columns to the material column by creating a pressure differential between the two solvent columns.

This disclosure describes systems, methods, and devices for phytochemical extraction. One example extraction system includes two solvent columns, a material column, and a dewaxing column. The solvent columns store and provide solvent for stripping target chemicals from plant material in the material column. The solvent mixed with target chemicals passes into the dewaxing column, where the target chemicals are separated from waxes and lipids. Cooling is applied to elements of the system by way of an open-loop CO2 refrigeration method. Solvent is moved from the solvent columns to the material column by creating a pressure differential between the two solvent columns.

The invention relates to a method for obtaining an extract of patchouli leaves comprising a supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and a co-solvent such as ethanol. The invention also relates to a patchouli extract obtainable by the method of the invention, a composition comprising such an extract, and the cosmetic use of a composition according to the invention for care of the skin, the scalp and the appendages.

A process for the mobilization and extraction of organic matter such as kerogen from solids such as oil shale using ionic liquid. An ionic liquid is a salt in the liquid state which has a melting point below 200° C. The process may be carried out in a subsurface reservoir or at the surface.