Use of supercritical Y-grade natural gas liquids for a variety of processes and across numerous industrial applications is described herein. The low viscosity, high density, and tunable solvent properties of supercritical Y-grade natural gas liquids are useful for example in enhanced reservoir recovery and treatment, control of chemical reactions and processes, and/or single or two-phase separations.

Provided is a supercritical fluid chromatography system, and components comprising such a system, including one or more of a supercritical fluid chiller, a supercritical fluid pressure-equalizing vessel, and a supercritical fluid cyclonic separator. The supercritical fluid chiller and the use of the chiller allow efficient and consistent pumping of liquid-phase gases employing off-the-shelf HPLC pumps in the supercritical chromatography system using liquid-phase gas mobile phase. The pressure equalizing vessel allows the use of off the shelf HPLC column cartridges in the supercritical chromatography system. The cyclonic separator efficiently and effectively allows for separation of sample molecules from a liquid phase or gas phase stream of a supercritical fluid.

Targetry coupled separation refers to enhancing the production of a predetermined radiation product through the selection of a target (including selection of the target material and the material's physical structure) and separation chemistry in order to optimize the recovery of the predetermined radiation product. This disclosure describes systems and methods for creating (through irradiation) and removing one or more desired radioisotopes from a target and further describes systems and methods that allow the same target to undergo multiple irradiations and separation operations without damage to the target. In contrast with the prior art that requires complete dissolution or destruction of a target before recovery of any irradiation products, the repeated reuse of the same physical target allowed by targetry coupled separation represents a significant increase in efficiency and decrease in cost over the prior art.

A process of extraction, quantification and recovery of additives in polypropylene with the stages of washing the plastic material (A), grinding the material (A) to a particle size from 10 to 500 microns, extraction where the material (A) is transferred to a column (1) and then such material successively passes through column (2), column (3) and column (4), respectively, for successive extractions with solvents (I), (II), (III) and (IV), packed column extraction, where the solvent with the additives obtained from each extraction in columns (1), (2), (3) and (4) passes through packed columns (1′), (2′), (3′) and (4′), respectively, crystallization of the additives obtained after each extraction stage in packed columns (1′), (2′), (3′) and (4′) respectively; and quantification of the additives obtained and where the residual material without additives is subjected to pyrolysis.

Provided is a process for production of fucoxanthin and/or polysaccharides from microalgae and the use of purified fucoxanthin thereof in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, nutraceutical and food compositions.

Provided is a method for resolving an optical isomer from a racemate by using supercritical fluid extraction technology. The method is mainly applied to the separation of a product obtained after enzymatic resolution. Taking a preparation process of D-pantolactone as an example, the key point is to separate D-pantolactone and L-pantolactone from an enzymatic resolution liquid by means of supercritical fluid extraction.

A cavitation mixing apparatus is provided for performing separations from solid material using subcritical liquid CO.sub.2. A cavitation inducing device inside a cavitation mixing vessel is held in place with a cavitation mixer mount comprising at least one fluid channel for equalizing gaseous pressure of CO.sub.2 around the cavitation inducing device. Also described is method of separating oils from a crude plant oil mixture by injecting crude plant oil into a pressurized mixing vessel comprising liquid carbon dioxide and mixing the crude oil with the liquid carbon dioxide under pressure using powered induced cavitation, the cavitation mixing vessel comprising an encapsulated cavitation inducing device.

A method for continuous exchange of material includes countercurrent contacting of a first fluid phase and a second fluid phase that are not completely miscible. The contacting is carried out in a single centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) apparatus into which only the first and second fluid phases introduced. The apparatus includes a plurality of cells, each with a stationary phase immobilized and a mobile phase passing through the stationary phase. The following steps are carried out successively: a) the mobile phase is formed by the first fluid phase, and the stationary phase immobilized in the cells is formed by the second fluid phase; b) the mobile phase is formed by the second fluid phase, and the stationary phase immobilized in the cells is formed by the first fluid phase; c) repetition of the succession of steps a) and b) each step being carried out immediately after the preceding step.

Polymorphic forms of tetrahydro-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride (ANAVEX2-73) and a metabolite of tetrahydro-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride (ANAVEX19-144) are disclosed and characterized. Compositions and method for treatment of Alzheimer's disease that includes the polymorphic forms and metabolite of tetrahydro-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride (ANAVEX2-73).

A crystalline pigment or colorant composition having high color intensity and/or low sugar content, and methods and processes of preparation. The composition may comprise purified fruit and/or vegetable color juices.