A crystalline pigment or colorant composition having high color intensity and/or low sugar content, and methods and processes of preparation. The composition may comprise purified fruit and/or vegetable color juices.

An extraction system for obtaining oils and other constituents from raw botanical materials includes an array of separation chambers for fractionalized recovery of dissolved constituents in a supercritical solvent fluid. Collection of the dissolved constituents is facilitated with a pressure-stable collection vessel that is adaptable to sequentially collect precipitate from the array of separation chambers.

A plurality of collection surfaces for use in an aqueous slurry has a polymeric coating to provide a compliant and sticky surface. The polymer coating has a chemical to render the surface hydrophobic so as to attract hydrophobic or hydrophobized mineral particles in the slurry. The substrate can take the form of a conveyor belt, a bead, a mesh, an impeller, a filter or a flat surface. The substrate can also be an open-cell foam. The collection surfaces having the mineral particles attached thereon are caused to interact with liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide so that the mineral particles can be stripped from the collection surfaces.

Polymorphic forms of tetrahydro-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride (ANAVEX2-73) and a metabolite of tetrahydro-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride (ANAVEX2-73) are disclosed and characterized. Compositions and method for treatment of Alzheimer's disease that includes the polymorphic forms and metabolite of tetrahydro-N,N-dimethyl-2,2-diphenyl-3-furanmethanamine hydrochloride (ANAVEX2-73).

A sample is stored in a container (125) disposed upstream of a back-pressure control valve (140). A mixed fluid of carbon dioxide in a supercritical state and a modifier is introduced into the container, and a component contained in the sample is extracted. The extracted component is introduced into a trap column (135) together with the carbon dioxide and the modifier and collected in the trap column. The trap column is loaded with polymer beads as a filler.

A supercritical water separation process and system is disclosed for the removal of metals, minerals, particulate, asphaltenes, and resins from a contaminated organic material. The present invention takes advantage of the physical and chemical properties of supercritical water to effect the desired separation of contaminants from organic materials and permit scale-up. At a temperature and pressure above the critical point of water (374 C., 22.1 MPa), nonpolar organic compounds become miscible in supercritical water (SCW) and polar compounds and asphaltenes become immiscible. The process and system disclosed continuously separates immiscible contaminants and solids from the supercritical water and clean oil product solution. The present invention creates a density gradient that enables over 95% recovery of clean oil and over 99% reduction of contaminants such as asphaltenes and particulate matter depending on the properties of the contaminated organic material.

An example method for extracting phytochemical oil from plant parts includes freezing plant parts from at least one of Cannabis sativa, Curcuma longa, Panax ginseng, and Panax quinquefolius. The frozen plant parts are reduced to a plant powder, which is suspended in an aqueous buffer. The aqueous buffer containing the suspended plant powder is incubated with at least one pectinase and at least one cellulase. An aqueous phase of the incubated aqueous buffer is evaporated through steam heating to obtain a steam dried product. Phytochemical oil, which includes at least one of cannabinoids, curcuminoids, and ginsenosides, is extracted from the steam dried product.

The present invention provides a dynamic interface system between an extraction device and a chromatographic purification device for separating and purifying substance(s) from a mixture or matrix. One embodiment is the Supercritical Fluid Interface (SFI) between Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE), and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC). The SFI is capable of interfacing; gas, subcritical and supercritical fluid extraction methods and pair with gas, subcritical and supercritical fluid chromatography technologies that operate within the pressure and temperature parameters of the SFI. The SFI can operate up to 200 degrees celsius and 5000 psi. This interface technology allows for an inline oil extraction and chromatographic separation, the SFI can pair extraction and chromatography with the same solvent in different mobile phases, whereas the extraction can be performed using CO.sub.2 as a solvent in sub-critical phase and the SFI can receive the subcritical solution and then increase pressure and/or temperature to achieve supercritical state as required for injection into supercritical fluid chromatography technologies. The SFI coupling between SFE and SFC can to extract and refine cannabinoids from the cannabis industrious, hemp, plant and can also be applied to improve efficiency in an industry that extracts and refines oils, through chromatography, from organic materials using a gas, or sub/supercritical fluid as a solvent and mobile phase.

A supercritical fluid separation apparatus performs feedback control of output of a heater so that a separation part temperature becomes a set temperature, based on both output of a first temperature sensor that measures a heating block temperature and output of a second temperature sensor that measures the separation part temperature. When a difference between the separation part temperature and the set temperature is large (equal to or more than a predetermined value), output of the heater is adjusted based on the heating block temperature. When a difference between the separation part temperature and the set temperature becomes small (less than a predetermined value), the output of the heater is adjusted based on the difference.

A high-efficiency supercritical oil extraction method is provided. According to the method, in an early extraction stage, extraction is performed using an extractant along an extraction kettle from top to bottom; in a middle extraction stage, the extraction kettle is longitudinally flipped by 180 degrees, extraction is still performed using an extractant along the extraction kettle from top to bottom; in a later extraction stage, extraction is performed using a conventional extractant along the extraction kettle from bottom to top. Thus, the pressure effect and the critical extraction effect of the critical extractant are simultaneously exerted, thereby greatly improving the extraction efficiency of supercritical oil extraction, shortening the extraction time, and reducing the dosage of extractant, so as to achieve high-efficiency and low-cost oil extraction.