Methods of removing target impurities from a crude lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) to make a purified LiFSI product. In some embodiments, a purification method includes contacting crude LiFSI with a first anhydrous organic solvent to create a solution containing LiFSI and the target impurity(ies), wherein the LiFSI is soluble and the impurity(ies) is/are substantially insoluble. In some embodiments, a second anhydrous organic solvent is added to the solution to precipitate the target impurity(ies), which is then filtered to obtain a filtrate. In some embodiments, solvent is removed from the filtrate to obtain a solid mass containing LiFSI, which may then be contacted with a third anhydrous organic solvent in which the LiFSI is insoluble. The LiFSI may then be isolated from the third anhydrous organic solvent to obtain the purified LiFSI product. Also disclosed are purified LiFSI products and electrochemical devices utilizing purified LiFSI products, among other things.

A component extraction apparatus includes a rack placement part, a heater, an extraction medium supply part, a needle assembly, and a temperature sensor. When the container rack is mounted on the rack placement part, a heater is configured to heat the sample containers in direct or indirect contact with sample containers held by the container rack. The needle assembly holds a needle with a tip thereof pointing downward, and the needle being configured to connect a flow channel by inserting the tip thereof into a needle port provided on an upper surface of each of the sample containers. The temperature sensor is included in the needle assembly and is configured to detect a temperature of the upper surface of any one of the sample containers when the tip of the needle is inserted into the needle port of the one of the sample containers.

Techniques for separating a fuel on-board a vehicle include mixing an input fuel stream and a fluid solvent; separating the mixture into a first liquid fuel stream and a second liquid fuel stream, the first liquid fuel stream including a first portion of the input fuel stream defined by a first auto-ignition characteristic value and the fluid solvent, the second liquid fuel stream including a second portion of the input fuel stream defined by a second auto-ignition characteristic value that is different than the first auto-ignition characteristic value; separating the first liquid fuel stream into the fluid solvent and the first portion of the input fuel stream; directing the first portion of the input fuel stream to a first fuel tank on the vehicle; and directing the second portion of the input fuel stream to a second fuel tank on the vehicle.

An automated production line for preparing cannabidiol (CBD) extracts is disclosed. The production line comprises sequentially a solvent dispensing tank, an extraction tank, a first concentration tank, a dilution tank, a filter, a second concentration tank, a chromatography column and a crystallization device. Each of these elements is connected to and controlled by a central controller. The controller can control the operation of these elements such that one element may operate independently of the other. Hence, each of these elements may operate for a sufficient period of time to allow the completion of the particular CBD production step carried out by that particular element. The amount of operations by humans may be reduced, thereby increasing the production efficiency.

A dual phase re-circulating extraction apparatus comprises at least one extraction vessel, at least one separation chamber, and a circulation conduit configured to direct a process fluid into the extraction vessel, where it may come into contact with a source material to form a mixture, and is then passed to the separation chamber, where the process fluid separates from the extracted material, and the process fluid is recirculated back to the extraction vessel. The apparatus includes a gas pump, at least one heat exchanger, and a liquid pump, each connected to the conduit, to efficiently convert a relatively low pressure gas after separation to a relatively high pressure liquid or supercritical fluid for extraction. The apparatus can be configured to enable a batch mode process allowing continuous flow to the separators while the extractors are cycled online and offline in a sequence to enable servicing and reloading.

The present disclosure relates, according to disclosed embodiments, to a system for extracting an organic compound from a natural source, the system comprising a computer processor operational to control the system; a storage vessel configured to store an extraction gas, the storage vessel comprising a storage vessel outlet in electrical communication with the computer processor; a valve in electrical communication with the computer processor, the valve comprising a valve inlet and a valve outlet, wherein the valve inlet connects to the storage vessel outlet; a dynamic extraction vessel; and a spray evaporation loop system configured to receive a solute from the dynamic extraction vessel, the spray evaporation loop system comprising an injection nozzle in electrical communication with the computer processor, the injection nozzle comprising an injection nozzle inlet connected to the first dynamic extraction vessel outlet; and a cyclonic separator in electrical communication with the computer processor.

A liquid-liquid contact device includes: an internal casing surrounding an inner chamber for providing countercurrent contact between a light liquid and a heavy liquid; an external casing surrounding the internal casing so as to form an outer chamber around the internal casing; a light liquid introduction tube guiding the light liquid to the inner chamber; and a heavy liquid introduction tube guiding the heavy liquid to the inner chamber. The internal casing has an upper opening and a lower opening which opens at a location below the upper opening. The external casing has a heavy liquid discharge outlet through which the heavy liquid is allowed to be discharged from the outer chamber, and a light liquid discharge outlet which is disposed above the heavy liquid discharge outlet and through which the light liquid is allowed to be discharged from the outer chamber.

Systems and techniques for demulsifier automation of the wet crude handling facilities can include a computer-implemented method. Demulsifier automation parameters for automating demulsifier injection points of a wet crude handling facility are determined. The determining includes performing a data convolution and a smoothening of inlet demulsifier automation parameters. Performing the demulsifier automation of the wet crude handling facility, includes, for each demulsifier, the following: A current state of the demulsifier is identified based on the demulsifier automation parameters. Demulsifier calculation input parameters are determined, including performing a convolution and a smoothening of the demulsifier calculation input parameters. A demulsifier dosage rate is calculated using the determined demulsifier calculation input parameters. A state dependent dosage multiplication factor is applied to the demulsifier based on the current state based on the calculated demulsifier dosage rate.

An extraction apparatus comprising a boiler, an extraction chamber for holding material from which a compound is to be extracted, and a condenser for condensing the vaporized solvent, and returning the condensed solvent to the extraction chamber. A fluid connection between the boiler and the extraction chamber allows passage of vaporized solvent from the boiler to the extraction chamber and condensed solvent from the extraction chamber to the boiler. The extraction apparatus is configured such that, when the extraction apparatus is in use, the solvent moves repeatedly through a cycle in which: the solvent vaporizes within the boiler; the vaporized solvent passes from the boiler into the extraction chamber by way of the at least one fluid connection, and bubbles through condensed solvent within the extraction chamber so as to agitate the condensed solvent; the vaporized solvent condenses in the condenser and returns as condensed solvent to the extraction chamber; the condensed solvent interacts with the material in the extraction chamber to extract the compound; and at least a portion of the condensed solvent containing the extracted compound returns to the boiler from the extraction chamber. A corresponding method is also disclosed.

A method for purifying polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) includes: providing or receiving initial PBT, in which oligomers and tetrahydrofuran are present; dissolving the initial PBT in hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) to form a solution, in which the oligomers are also dissolved in the HFIP; and contacting the solution with compressed CO.sub.2 at a temperature and a pressure, thereby precipitating the purified PBT, resulting from a large portion of the oligomers are still dissolved in the HFIP, in the operation the temperature is in a range of 20 C. to 35 C., and the pressure is in a range of 900 psi to 1400 psi. A device for purifying PBT is also provided.