Methods of separating components traditionally considered as waste material from mold-fermented compositions are described. The waste components can be separated either from unfiltered compositions or from a separation stream separated from a composition. In some embodiments, filamentous fungus used in the production of the mold-fermented composition is specifically targeted for separation. Incorporation of separated waste components into various products are also described herein. In some embodiments, the separated components are used in alternative meat products and other foods designed for human consumption. Separated components can also be used in animal feed, as feed stock for other fermentation processes, or for use in treating food, creating cosmetics, or chemical processes.

Device and process for converting a feedstock of aromatic compounds, in which the feedstock is notably treated using a fractionation train (4-7), a xylenes separating unit (10) and an isomerization unit (11), and in which a pyrolysis unit (13) treats a second hydrocarbon-based feedstock, produces a pyrolysis effluent feeding the feedstock, and produces a pyrolysis gas comprising CO, CO2 and H2; an RWGS reverse water gas shift reaction section (51) treats the pyrolysis gas and produces an RWGS gas enriched in CO and in water; a fermentation reaction section (52) treats the RWGS gas enriched in CO and in water and produces ethanol; and an aromatization reaction section (14) converts the ethanol into a mixture of aromatic and paraffinic compounds feeding the feedstock.

A method for producing mixed metal salts containing manganese ions and at least one of cobalt ions and nickel ions, the method including: an Al removal step of subjecting an acidic solution containing at least manganese ions and aluminum ions, and at least one of cobalt ions and nickel ions, to removal of the aluminum ions by extracting the aluminum ions into a solvent, the acidic solution being obtained by subjecting battery powder of lithium ion batteries to a leaching step; and a precipitation step of neutralizing an extracted residual liquid obtained in the Al removal step under conditions where a pH is less than 10.0, to precipitate mixed metal salts comprising a metal salt of manganese and a metal salt of at least one of cobalt and nickel.

The present application provides an extract production system. The extract production system includes an extraction unit for extracting an extract from a starting material by using a solvent flowing into the interior thereof, a first heat exchange unit for subjecting the solvent flowing into the extraction unit to heat exchange by using a heat exchange medium, and a second heat exchange unit for subjecting the solvent which underwent heat exchange in the first heat exchange unit to heat exchange by reusing the heat exchange medium which underwent heat exchange in the first heat exchange unit.

The present invention relates to a salt recovery solution and to a process for separating a salt from an aqueous solution. The present disclosure also relates to a salt recovery solution and to its use to concentrate a salt or brine solution by recovering water therefrom. The salt recovery solution comprising at least two or more components independently selected from any combination of integers a), b), c) and d): where a) is a straight, branched or optionally substituted cyclic C.sub.4-C.sub.9 ether containing compound; b) is a straight chain or branched C.sub.3-C.sub.9 alkyl substituted by —OH; c) is a straight chain, branched or cyclic C.sub.4-C.sub.9 ketone or C.sub.4-C.sub.9 diketone; and d) is a straight chain or branched C.sub.3-C.sub.9 ester containing compound.

An extraction method for nonpolar natural substances includes: a step of conducting extraction of natural raw materials to prepare a first liquid extract; a step of mixing the first liquid extract with a phase separation composition containing a lipophilic solubilizer and water, and conducting a second extraction; and a step of isolating the supernatant of the phase-separated solution to obtain non-polar natural substances.

A method and system for performing biomolecule extraction are provided that use liquid-to-liquid extraction (LLE) in combination with an electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) device to provide a biomolecule extraction solution that has high extraction efficiency and that is less costly and easier to use than current state of the art methods and systems. The system and method are well suited for, but not limited to, extraction of DNA, RNA and protein molecules.

Systems and methods for extracting useful by-products and natural rubber from non-Hevea rubber bearing plants are disclosed.

Single-stage and multi-stage systems and methods for the recovery of critical elements in substantially pure form from lithium ion batteries are provided. The systems and methods include supported membrane solvent extraction using an immobilized organic phase within the pores of permeable hollow fibers. The permeable hollow fibers are contacted by a feed solution on one side, and a strip solution on another side, to provide the simultaneous extraction and stripping of elements from dissolved lithium ion cathode materials, while rejecting other elements from the feed solution. The single- and multi-stage systems and methods can selectively recover cobalt, manganese, nickel, lithium, aluminum and other elements from spent battery cathodes and are not limited by equilibrium constraints as compared to traditional solvent extraction processes.

A process for removing heavy polycyclic aromatic contaminants from a hydrocarbon stream using a quinolinium ionic liquid is described. The process includes contacting the hydrocarbon stream comprising the contaminant with a hydrocarbon-immiscible quinolinium ionic liquid to produce a mixture comprising the hydrocarbon and a hydrocarbon-immiscible quinolinium ionic liquid comprising at least a portion of the removed contaminant; and separating the mixture to produce a hydrocarbon effluent having a reduced level of the contaminant and a hydrocarbon-immiscible quinolinium ionic liquid effluent comprising the hydrocarbon-immiscible quinolinium ionic liquid comprising at least the portion of the removed contaminant.