The present disclosure provides an ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extraction method of total saponins in beautiful millettia root, comprising the following steps: S1, material treatment, S2, cold soaking, S3 enzymatic hydrolysis, S4 extract extraction, and S5 ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extraction. The extraction method of the present disclosure extracts relatively high content of total saponins, and has relatively high yield of saponins and low content of impurities, and each step acts synergistically to solve the problems of relatively low total saponin content, more impumayrities and bubbling in the extraction process.

A liquid-liquid extraction system includes extraction stages, a pumping system, and a controller. Each extraction stage has a chamber, a primary input, a raffinate output, and an extract output. An input liquid (e.g., either a source liquid or raffinate from a preceding extraction stage, mixed with an extraction liquid) is presented to the chamber via the primary input. The chamber enables phase separation of liquid therein, into a raffinate and a extract, where the raffinate exits the separation vessel at the raffinate output, and the extract exits the separation vessel at the extract output. A level sensor is coupled to the chamber and the controller is operatively programmed to read an output of the level sensor, compare the output of the level sensor to a target, and cause the associated chamber to receive additional liquid if the output is lower than the target.

MIU and metals are removed from Tallow or Seed based oils (feedstock) utilizing water treated by reverse osmosis and specific operating conditions using a very high RCF centrifuge. A relatively small quantity of the RO water (3% to 20% by weight) is added to the feedstock to attract the MIU and metals. The mixture is then centrifuged at an RCF in excess of approximately 6500. Temperature, flow rate to control Residence time and backpressure in the centrifuge are selected. The process separates the RO water with the MIU and metals from the feedstock.

Methods and systems are provided for recovering an organic solvent from a waste sludge generated during formation of a polyarylene sulfide. Methods include combining the waste sludge with a liquid extractant that extracts the organic solvent into a homogeneous liquid phase. Upon a temperature change, the homogeneous liquid phase can separate into an organic solvent-rich liquid phase and a liquid extractant-rich liquid phase. The two liquid phases can be separated and further processed if desired to further purify the recovered organic solvent. Methods can also include forming the polyarylene sulfide by a polymerization process and thereafter purifying a slurry of the polyarylene sulfide. A liquid washing product is formed as a result of the purification process, which can be subjected to a distillation process that forms an organic solvent-rich stream and the waste sludge.

The present invention relates to a method of purifying waste hydrochloric acid, and more particularly, to a method of purifying waste hydrochloric acid which includes preparing an extraction solution by dissolving an extractant in an organic solvent (S1), extracting metallic components with the organic solvent by adding the extraction solution to the waste hydrochloric acid (S2), separating a waste hydrochloric acid layer and the organic solvent containing the metallic components (S3), and obtaining purified hydrochloric acid by recovering the separated (fractionated) waste hydrochloric acid layer (S4), wherein the extractant is used in an amount of 40 moles or more based on 1 mole of iron (Fe) included in the waste hydrochloric acid, and the waste hydrochloric acid and the extraction solution are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:0.1 to 1:1.

The invention relates to a method for transferring a target substance (5), particularly a target molecule (5), between two liquid phases (4, 6; 6, 8; 6, 11), of which at least one phase (4, 6) comprises the target substance (5) to be transferred and at least one phase (4, 8, 11) is an aqueous phase, where at least the aqueous phase (4, 8, 11) is arranged in one of two electrode chambers (1a, 1b, 10a, 10b) which are electroconductively connected, preferably by charge carrier exchange, and separated in terms of the volumes thereof, preferably where the phases (4, 6; 6, 8; 6, 11) are arranged together in one of two electrode chambers (1a, 1b, 10a, 10b) which are electroconductively connected and separated in terms of the volumes thereof, and a pH-value modification is generated by the H and/or OH ions created during the electrolysis in the aqueous phase (4, 8, 11), said modification initiating a transfer process of the target substance (5) between the phases (4, 6; 6, 8; 6, 11). The invention also relates to the use of the method for enrichment and subsequent isolation of the target substance (5).

The disclosure provides methods and compositions for providing shatter formulations taking the form of crystalline polymorphs, where methods of preparation include preparing tetrahydrocannabinol acid (THCA) powder followed by decarboxylating THCA and removal of terpenes.

A process for recovering nitric acid or salts thereof, comprising: contacting, in the presence of water, an water-immiscible ionic liquid of the formula [A.sup.+][X.sup.−], wherein [A.sup.+] represents a phosphonium or ammonium cation and [X.sup.−] represents a counter anion which is NO.sub.3.sup.−, an halide anion displaceable by NO.sub.3.sup.−, or both, with a fluid which contains HNO.sub.3 and at least one more mineral acid, or precursors of said acids, and partition, under mixing, said acids between aqueous and organic phases and form nitrate-loaded ionic liquid of the formula [A.sup.+][NO.sub.3.sup.−].sub.z>0.25 where Z indicates a molar amount of nitrate held in the ionic liquid beyond the positions occupied by the nitrate counter ions; separating the so-formed mixture into an organic phase comprising a nitrate-loaded ionic liquid of the formula [A.sup.+][NO.sub.3.sup.−].sub.z>0.25 and an aqueous phase consisting of a nitrate-depleted aqueous solution that contains the other mineral acid(s); stripping the nitric acid from said nitrate-loaded ionic liquid to create an aqueous nitrate solution and regenerate ionic liquid of the formula [A.sup.+][NO.sub.3.sup.−].sub.z≥0 with reduced nitrate loading, or unloaded [A.sup.+][NO.sub.3.sup.−].sub.z=0 ionic liquid.

A process can be used for recovering 1-methoxy-2-propanol and 2-methoxy-1-propanol from an aqueous effluent stream by liquid-liquid-extraction, followed by extractive distillation, distillation of methoxypropanols from the extraction solvent, and distillative separation of the methoxypropanol isomers. Recovered extraction solvent is recycled to the extraction and extractive distillation. Heat transfer from recovered extraction solvent to the extract fed to the extractive distillation reduces energy demand of the process. A facility for this process contains a countercurrent extraction column, an extractive distillation column, a solvent recovery distillation column, an isomer separation distillation column, and a heat exchanger for transferring heat from recovered extraction solvent to the extract fed to the extractive distillation.

A desolidification process enables the isolation and extraction of solid additives from an unreacted petroleum residue stream. In a hydrocracking process that mixes a solid additive with a petroleum residue feedstock to convert the petroleum residue to higher-value distillates, the desolidification process enables the recovery of the unreacted petroleum residue for conversion to a saleable product. The desolidification process involves the mixture of one or more solvents with a slurry in which solids are integrated in the petroleum residue to generate a mixture having a decreased density and viscosity as compared to the slurry, which facilitates removal of the solids.