Methods and systems directed to the separation of tritium from an aqueous stream are described. The separation method is a multi-stage method that includes a first stage during which tritium of a tritium-contaminated aqueous stream is adsorbed onto a separation phase, a second stage during which the adsorbed tritium is exchanged with hydrogen in a gaseous stream to provide a gaseous stream with a high tritium concentration, and a third stage during which the tritium of the gaseous stream is separated from the gaseous stream as a gaseous tritium product.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a chromatographic stationary phase material for various different modes of chromatography represented by Formula 1: [X](W).sub.a(Q).sub.b(T).sub.c (Formula 1). X can be a high purity chromatographic core composition having a surface comprising a silica core material, metal oxide core material, an inorganic-organic hybrid material or a group of block copolymers thereof. W can be absent and/or can include hydrogen and/or can include a hydroxyl on the surface of X. Q can be a functional group that minimizes retention variation over time (drift) under chromatographic conditions utilizing low water concentrations. T can include one or more hydrophilic, polar, ionizable, and/or charged functional groups that chromatographically interact with the analyte. Additionally, b and c can be positive numbers, with the ratio 0.05(b/c)100, and a0.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a chromatographic stationary phase material for various different modes of chromatography represented by Formula 1: [X](W).sub.a(Q).sub.b(T).sub.c (Formula 1). X can be a high purity chromatographic core composition having a surface comprising a silica core material, metal oxide core material, an inorganic-organic hybrid material or a group of block copolymers thereof. W can be absent and/or can include hydrogen and/or can include a hydroxyl on the surface of X. Q can be a functional group that minimizes retention variation over time (drift) under chromatographic conditions utilizing low water concentrations. T can include one or more hydrophilic, polar, ionizable, and/or charged functional groups that chromatographically interact with the analyte. Additionally, b and c can be positive numbers, with the ratio 0.05(b/c)100, and a0.

A method for preparing high-purity cannabidiol is characterized in that: the leaves of cannabis and top portions of the plant which account for about one-fifth of the whole plant are used as extraction sites; a technology of combined macroporous adsorption resin chromatography and polyamide chromatography is used for purification; and a mixed solvent system is used for crystallization purification so as to ensure that the yield is improved to the maximum extent under the premise of obtaining a high-purity product. The product obtained from this method contains high-purity CBD; the method has a high yield and is a simple process, and thus easy to industrialize.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for purifying a protein capable of significantly reducing amount of impurities and achieving a high recovery rate, compared to a method for purifying a protein using an activated carbon of the related art. The present invention relates to a method for purifying a protein using an activated carbon, including: bringing an activated carbon pretreatment solution obtained by adjusting conductivity of a protein-containing aqueous solution into contact with an activated carbon; separating the protein and impurities in a non-adsorption mode to obtain the protein of interest with a low content of impurities.

A method for determining asphaltene stability in a hydrocarbon-containing material having solvated asphaltenes therein is disclosed. In at least one embodiment, it involves the steps of: (a) precipitating an amount of the asphaltenes from a liquid sample of the hydrocarbon-containing material with an alkane mobile phase solvent in a column; (b) dissolving a first amount and a second amount of the precipitated asphaltenes by changing the alkane mobile phase solvent to a final mobile phase solvent having a solubility parameter that is higher than the alkane mobile phase solvent; (c) monitoring the concentration of eluted fractions from the column; (d) creating a solubility profile of the dissolved asphaltenes in the hydrocarbon-containing material; and (e) determining one or more asphaltene stability parameters of the hydrocarbon-containing material.

The present invention provides a process for purifying methionine. A methionine product having a purity of up to 99% or higher is obtained by separating methionine from a salt by-product through a process comprising adsorption and desorption using a macroporous adsorption resin, where the methionine content in the salt by-product is 0.03%. The yield of methionine extracted with the resin is up to 98% or higher. By using the process of the present invention, the existing production process is simplified, the quality of the methionine product is improved, and the production costs for methionine are reduced.

Methods for purifying an acetonitrile waste stream are provided. An exemplary method for purifying an acetonitrile waste stream includes generating an acetonitrile waste stream during oligonucleotide synthesis and fractionating the acetonitrile waste stream to produce a single overhead fraction. The method includes condensing the single overhead fraction to produce a condensed single overhead fraction and contacting the condensed single overhead fraction with an adsorbent material to produce an acetonitrile stream that comprises an amount of an impurity that is reduced relative to the acetonitrile waste stream.

Methods for purifying an acetonitrile waste stream are provided. An exemplary method for purifying an acetonitrile waste stream includes generating an acetonitrile waste stream during oligonucleotide synthesis and fractionating the acetonitrile waste stream to produce a single overhead fraction. The method includes condensing the single overhead fraction to produce a condensed single overhead fraction and contacting the condensed single overhead fraction with an adsorbent material to produce an acetonitrile stream that comprises an amount of an impurity that is reduced relative to the acetonitrile waste stream.

In various aspects provided are purification media and containers for dispensing a purified liquid are provided herein where a high surface area-to-volume chemically interactive purification media positioned at the outlet of a container that purifies the liquid as it is dispensed and/or extracted.