A method of treating a fluid in a subterranean formation comprises injecting a fluid into the subterranean formation, the fluid containing dissolved oxygen; contacting the fluid with an oxygen removal device, the oxygen removal device comprising an anode, a cathode comprising metallic nanoparticles loaded on a support, an ion exchange membrane disposed between, and electrically separating the anode and the cathode, and a power source electrically coupled to the anode and the cathode; and reducing the amount of the dissolved oxygen in the fluid.

A method of treating a fluid in a subterranean formation comprises injecting a fluid into the subterranean formation, the fluid containing dissolved oxygen; contacting the fluid with an oxygen removal device, the oxygen removal device comprising an anode, a cathode comprising metallic nanoparticles loaded on a support, an ion exchange membrane disposed between, and electrically separating the anode and the cathode, and a power source electrically coupled to the anode and the cathode; and reducing the amount of the dissolved oxygen in the fluid.

A fluid degassing device can include a shell configured to retain a selectively permeable hollow fiber bundle, wherein the shell defines a first flow port and a second flow port and at least a third flow port, and a selectively permeable hollow fiber bundle having a plurality of hollow fibers disposed within the shell such that a first flow circuit is defined between the first flow port and the second flow port, and a second flow circuit is defined in fluid communication with at least the third port such that an inner channel of one or more of the hollow fibers is in fluid communication with at least the third flow port, wherein second flow circuit is partially fluidly isolated from the first flow circuit such that at least one first fluid cannot pass through a wall of one or more hollow fibers, but such that at least one second fluid can pass through the wall of the one or more hollow fibers. The shell and the fiber bundle include a non-cylindrical shape.

A fluid degassing device includes a first housing, a second housing disposed within the first housing, a first flow circuit defined by the second housing and the first housing between a first flow circuit opening and a second flow circuit opening of the first flow circuit, and a tube bundle of selectively permeable membrane tubes disposed in the first flow circuit between the second housing and first housing. The tube bundle is disposed at least partially around a circumference of the second housing and the first flow circuit is defined between the first flow circuit opening of the first flow circuit and the second flow circuit opening such that fuel flows rotationally around the second housing through the tube bundle.

A fluid degassing device includes a first housing, a second housing disposed at least partially within the first housing, and a first flow circuit defined by the second housing and first housing and the first housing, wherein the second housing includes a second housing opening of the first flow circuit and the first housing includes a first housing opening of the first flow circuit. The device includes a tube bundle of selectively permeable membrane tubes disposed in the first flow circuit between the second housing and first housing. The tube bundle is disposed at least partially around a circumference of the second housing. The tube bundle is configured to be in fluid communication with a second flow circuit to fluidly communicate with an inner channel of the tubes of the tube bundle.

Electrochemical conversion of a species into a carbonate-containing compound, or other compounds, from seawater or other aqueous environments is generally described.

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method of preparing carbonate and/or formate from carbon dioxide.

The apparatus of preparing carbonate and/or formate from carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2), comprising: an electrolysis reactor comprising (i) an anode which contains an aqueous solution of a Group I metal salt as an electrolytic solution, (ii) an ion-exchange membrane through which metal cations derived from the Group I metal salt and water flow from an anode to a cathode, (iii) a cathode, and (iv) a gas diffusion layer which supplies a carbon dioxide-containing gas to the cathode; a power supply unit of applying a voltage between the anode and the cathode; a first gas-liquid separator of recovering the electrolytic solution from the products formed in the anode; a second gas-liquid separator of recovering carbonate and/or formate from the products formed in the cathode; a pH meter of measuring the pH of the electrolytic solution recovered from the first gas-liquid separator; a first reactant supply unit of supplying (a) the electrolytic solution recovered from the first gas-liquid separator and (b) the aqueous solution of the Group I metal salt with which the recovered electrolytic solution is replenished according to the pH of the electrolytic solution, to the anode; and a second reactant supply unit of supplying carbon dioxide or a mixer comprising carbon dioxide and water vapor to the cathode; wherein, when a voltage is applied between the anode and the cathode, in the anode, water undergoes electrolysis to generate hydrogen ions, oxygen, and electrons, and metal cations in the Group I metal salt are substituted with the hydrogen ions, while the generated metal cations move to the cathode through the ion-exchange membrane and the electrons move to the cathode through an external electric line; and in the cathode, carbon dioxide, water, metal cations, and electrons are reacted and produce carbonate and/or formate.

A method including increasing modifying a volume of seawater that holds an amount of dissolved inorganic carbon; acidifying the amount of seawater; and collecting an amount of carbon dioxide from the acidified seawater. A system including an electrodialysis unit including an acidified solution compartment, a basified solution compartment, a membrane and an acidified solution output compartment; a vessel coupled to an inlet of the acidified solution compartment and operable to contain a modified volume of seawater therein; and a desorption unit coupled to the acidified compartment output, the desorption unit operable to receive carbon dioxide gas from a solution from the acidified output compartment.

Device for removing substances from blood and other fluids such as water, wastewater, chemicals and other biofluids, includes i) an electrocatalytic decomposition filter including a DC power source, a set of electrodes with a catalytic surface or in direct contact with sorbents offering catalytic activity, ii) an electrosorption filter including a DC power source, a set of electrodes, nanostructured sorption material and/or a porous polymer matrix, iii) an inlet for entry of blood or blood plasma or dialysate fluid into the device, iv) an outlet for the removal of purified blood, blood plasma, ultrafiltrate or dialysate fluid from the device, and v) a conduit connecting the inlet with the outlet and holding the electrosorption filter such that the blood, blood plasma, ultrafiltrate or dialysate fluid is forced through the electrosorption and electrocatalytic decomposition filter, and vi) a sensor and control system to safeguard the device from producing oxidative stress.

Methods and systems for treating a liquid material. A liquid is emplaced in a treatment zone: microwave energy and ultrasonic energy are collectively applied to the treatment zone to effect release of a gaseous material from the liquid material.