Method and apparatus are provided to select target metal particles from aggregate ore. A feed stream of aggregate is directed along a path and a higher density portion is segregated therefrom. Detectors are arranged in-line and along the flow of the higher density portion. High resolution detection of a target particles within the feed stream triggers ejection of a select portion of the feed stream and target particle as a concentrate and the balance continues to a further phase of detection/ejection. The concentrate is processed in further stages or collected as product. Multiple parallel detector/ejectors across the path can isolate target particles and minimize the ejected gangue portion associated therewith. Dry or hydrodynamic transport of the feed stream is available determined by aggregate characteristics. A compact footprint of the apparatus is achieved with arcuate paths and multi-level conveyance whilst low energy requirements enables use in artisan installations.

Introduced here are systems for treating a wastewater stream to produce an effluent stream. A treatment system can include a sensor for measuring a characteristic of the wastewater stream and/or the effluent stream, a pump for supplying a chemical additive to the wastewater stream, and a controller for varying the flow rate of the chemical additive based on real-time analysis of measurements generated by the sensor. The characteristic could be, for example, turbidity, pH, total suspended solids (TSS), etc. Some embodiments of the treatment system further include a flow meter for measuring flow of the wastewater stream. In such embodiments, the controller may vary the flow rate of the chemical additive based on the measurements generated by the sensor and the flow meter.

Introduced here are systems for treating a wastewater stream to produce an effluent stream. A treatment system can include a sensor for measuring a characteristic of the wastewater stream and/or the effluent stream, a pump for supplying a chemical additive to the wastewater stream, and a controller for varying the flow rate of the chemical additive based on real-time analysis of measurements generated by the sensor. The characteristic could be, for example, turbidity, pH, total suspended solids (TSS), etc. Some embodiments of the treatment system further include a flow meter for measuring flow of the wastewater stream. In such embodiments, the controller may vary the flow rate of the chemical additive based on the measurements generated by the sensor and the flow meter.

A vehicle-mounted portable apparatus for clarification and disinfection of wastewater produced by the washing of road drainage inlets and drains and tunnels, includes: a sludge collecting tank; a filter for coarse filtering of the sludge in the tank and a filter for finer filtration; and a dosage unit for pH adjustment additives. The apparatus includes a mixer for adding additives for purifying and disinfecting the sludge; a cyclone device for separating water from the sludge; and collection and settling elements for the separated water. The apparatus further includes a hydraulic line for the separated water for connection between the separation cyclone and collection and a settling component for the separated water, a dosage unit for disinfection additives provided on the hydraulic line for the separated water; and a hydraulic line for connection between the collection and settling component.

A machine and methods using electro-chemical treatments, sedimentation processes and dissolved air flotation technologies for clarification of several kind of wastewater produced in industries, sewages, ponds, lakes, canals etc. The machine comprises of, feeding lines with multiple feeding point, a tank and further a collection tank. The wastewater is passed into the feeding line which may comprises of several feeding points for coagulants, flocculants, and other chemicals dosing into the flow of wastewater and may also comprises of a static mixer for mixing the coagulants, flocculants, and other chemicals with wastewater to agglomerate any solid particles and to accelerate separation of the solid particles in the tank. Once the solid are formed, they can go up or down, therefore to remove the suspended solids the outlet are rearranged depending on the suspended solids. Further, the machine is used for treatment of wastewater utilising multi pass concept to produce clean water.

A machine and methods using electro-chemical treatments, sedimentation processes and dissolved air flotation technologies for clarification of several kind of wastewater produced in industries, sewages, ponds, lakes, canals etc. The machine comprises of, feeding lines with multiple feeding point, a tank and further a collection tank. The wastewater is passed into the feeding line which may comprises of several feeding points for coagulants, flocculants, and other chemicals dosing into the flow of wastewater and may also comprises of a static mixer for mixing the coagulants, flocculants, and other chemicals with wastewater to agglomerate any solid particles and to accelerate separation of the solid particles in the tank. Once the solid are formed, they can go up or down, therefore to remove the suspended solids the outlet are rearranged depending on the suspended solids. Further, the machine is used for treatment of wastewater utilising multi pass concept to produce clean water.

A process for manufacturing an aqueous sodium chloride solution and the use of such solution for the manufacturing of crude sodium bicarbonate from SOLVAY ammonia process or for the manufacturing of soda ash, comprising the steps of: a) dispersing a first solid material comprising sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, and sodium sulfate, and a second solid material comprising calcium chloride in an aqueous liquid to produce an aqueous medium; b) subjecting the aqueous medium to clarification to produce a clarified aqueous medium; and c) recovering the clarified aqueous medium as aqueous sodium chloride solution; wherein a weight L/S ratio between the weight of the aqueous liquid used to produce the aqueous medium and the total weight of the first solid material and the second solid material is in the range of from 0.7 to 3.5.

A process for manufacturing an aqueous sodium chloride solution and the use of such solution for the manufacturing of crude sodium bicarbonate from SOLVAY ammonia process or for the manufacturing of soda ash, comprising the steps of: a) dispersing a first solid material comprising sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, and sodium sulfate, and a second solid material comprising calcium chloride in an aqueous liquid to produce an aqueous medium; b) subjecting the aqueous medium to clarification to produce a clarified aqueous medium; and c) recovering the clarified aqueous medium as aqueous sodium chloride solution; wherein a weight L/S ratio between the weight of the aqueous liquid used to produce the aqueous medium and the total weight of the first solid material and the second solid material is in the range of from 0.7 to 3.5.

A water quality monitoring device (111) determines the speed of a wave passing through water present upstream of a reverse osmosis membrane (109). A process for reducing the concentration of organic matter in water present upstream of the reverse osmosis membrane is performed when the determined speed is greater than a predetermined threshold speed.

A water quality monitoring device (111) determines the speed of a wave passing through water present upstream of a reverse osmosis membrane (109). A process for reducing the concentration of organic matter in water present upstream of the reverse osmosis membrane is performed when the determined speed is greater than a predetermined threshold speed.