One variation of a method includes: conveying a mixture of air in a working fluid through a compressor to heat and pressurize the mixture to promote absorption of carbon dioxide into the working fluid; depositing the mixture in a high-pressure vessel configured to remove air from the mixture of carbon dioxide in the working fluid; conveying the mixture through a turbine to reduce pressure and promote desorption of carbon dioxide from the working fluid; depositing the mixture in a low-pressure vessel for removal of carbon dioxide; in response to a temperature of an interior environment falling below a target range, conveying the working fluid through a heating element configured to transfer heat from the working fluid into the interior environment; and, in response to the temperature exceeding the target range, conveying the working fluid through a cooling element configured to transfer heat from the working fluid into an exterior environment.

An apparatus includes an absorber having a first packing section, a second packing section and a third packing section. The first packing segment includes a first structured packing, having a first specific surface area SA1, the second packing segment includes a second structured packing, having a second specific surface area SA2, and the third packing segment includes a third structured packing, having a third specific surface area SA3 where SA1<SA2<SA3. The structured packing in the various packing segment may be periodically interrupted with one or more layers of random packing.

Apparatus and methods for desulfurization and decarbonization of a process gas containing sulfur oxides and CO.sub.2. Ammonia may be used as a desulfurizing and decarbonizing agent. The gas may enter a desulfurization apparatus for desulfurization, and to produce an ammonium sulfate fertilizer. The desulfurized gas may enter a decarbonization apparatus to remove carbon dioxide in the gas, and to produce an ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer. The decarbonized gas may contain free ammonia. The decarbonized gas may be washed with a desulfurization circulating fluid and then with water. The washing fluid may be returned to the desulfurization apparatus for use as an absorbing agent for desulfurization. Acidic desulfurization circulating fluid may be used to wash ammonia, thereby achieving a high ammonia washing efficiency, and a low ammonia slip during the decarbonization process.

Techniques according to the present disclosure include capturing carbon dioxide from a dilute gas source with a CO.sub.2 capture solution to form a carbonate-rich capture solution; separating at least a portion of carbonate from the carbonate-rich capture solution; forming an electrodialysis (ED) feed solution; flowing a water stream and the ED feed solution to a bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BPMED) unit; applying an electric potential to the BPMED unit to form at least two ED product streams including a first ED product stream including a hydroxide; and flowing the first ED product stream to use in the capturing the carbon dioxide from the dilute gas source with the CO.sub.2 capture solution.

A gas trap system for metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) exhaust abatement operations is provided. The gas trap system may include a housing including an inlet configured to receive exhaust gas and an outlet. The gas trap system may also include a conical inlet shield positioned within the housing. The conical inlet shield may form a first path between the housing and the conical inlet shield, wherein the first path receives the exhaust gas from the inlet. The conical inlet shield may also cool the exhaust gas and cause the exhaust gas to be uniformly distributed in the first path. The gas trap system may also include a filter configured to receive the exhaust gas from the first path and to filter the exhaust gas, wherein the filtered gas exhaust is provided to the outlet.

A system configured to capture CO.sub.2 and able to be washed of the captured CO.sub.2 includes a material including an ionic liquid configured to capture CO.sub.2 in response to exposure to a gas comprising CO.sub.2 and to a thermal energy source and an aerogel holding the ionic liquid therein. The system may also include a washing solution configured to wash the captured CO.sub.2 from the material.

In a hydrocarbon-fed steam methane reformer hydrogen-production process and system, carbon dioxide is recovered in a pre-combustion context, and optionally additional amounts of carbon dioxide are recovered in a post-combustion carbon dioxide removal, to provide the improved carbon dioxide recovery or capture disclosed herein.

The invention relates to a gas scrubbing process for purifying crude synthesis gas with methanol as a physical absorption medium, wherein an acid gas comprising at least hydrogen sulfide (H.sub.2S) is produced. The acid gas is produced in a hot regenerator arranged downstream of an absorption apparatus and subsequently separated from gaseous methanol in an acid gas separator by cooling and condensation. The acid gas separator has a condensation region and an absorption region, wherein both regions are separated from one another by a gas-permeable tray. This has the result that impurities such as hydrogen cyanide and/or ammonia outgassing from a first acid gas substream are not reabsorbed in the condensation region of the acid gas separator, thus avoiding an accumulation of impurities in the hot regenerator or other parts of the gas scrubbing plant. The invention further relates to an acid gas separator and to the use of the acid gas separator according to the invention in a process according to the invention.

An ambient water condenser system is described having a condensation chamber which at least partially contains or surrounds a fluid reservoir which contains a volume or mass of an aqueous hygroscopic solution for condensing water from ambient air and a distillation process for extracting the water from the solution. The fluid reservoir has a heat source, a lower porous hydrophobic membrane, and an upper porous hydrophobic membrane. The heat source causes the hygroscopic solution near the top of reservoir to have a higher temperature which causes it to have a higher water vapor pressure, whereby the water vapor passing through the upper porous hydrophobic membrane and into the condensation chamber condenses into liquid water.

Ammonia, methanol, Fischer Tropsch products, and derivatives thereof are made by using hydrogen and oxygen supplied from an electrolyzer that is at least partially powered by renewable power, resulting in green process and systems that produce green products disclosed herein. A process using biomass and renewable energy includes producing an unshifted syngas from biomass and oxygen in a gasification unit, introducing water into an electrolyzer to produce an oxygen product and a hydrogen product, and introducing the oxygen product to the gasification unit. The electrolyzer is powered by renewable energy, and the oxygen product supplies at least a portion of the oxygen to the gasification unit.