The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for separation of sulfurous material(s) from a multi-component feed stream. The systems and methods can comprise contacting the multi-component feed stream with a solvent in a contacting column so that at least a portion of the sulfurous material(s) is transferred from the multi-component feed stream to the solvent. A stream of a substantially purified gas can thus be provided along with a liquid stream comprising at least a majority of the sulfurous material. In particular, the solvent can comprise liquid carbon dioxide, which can be particularly beneficial for removing sulfurous materials from multi-component feed streams.

Recovering helium from a gaseous stream includes contacting an acid gas removal membrane with a gaseous stream to yield a permeate stream and a residual stream, removing a majority of the acid gas from the residual stream to yield a first acid gas stream and a helium depleted clean gas stream, removing a majority of the acid gas from the permeate stream to yield a second acid gas stream and a helium rich stream, and removing helium from the helium rich stream to yield a helium product stream and a helium depleted stream. A helium removal system for removing helium from a gaseous stream including hydrocarbon gas, acid gas, and helium includes a first processing zone including a first acid gas removal unit, a second processing zone including a second acid gas removal unit, a third processing zone, and a helium purification unit.

Disclosed is a production device and production method of electronic grade hydrofluoric acid. The method includes vaporizing the raw material industrial anhydrous hydrogen fluoride by an evaporator, transporting the vaporized hydrogen fluoride to a purification tower, obtaining a high purity hydrogen fluoride gas through rectification, transporting the high purity hydrogen fluoride gas to an absorption tower for absorption by a certain concentration of hydrofluoric acid in the liquid phase, obtaining the crude electronic grade hydrofluoric acid, and obtaining the electronic grade hydrofluoric acid product through ultrapure filtration. The disclosure overcomes the technical problems of small yield and low purity of the prior art. The production process meets the requirements of environmental protection. The disclosure is suitable for industrialized large-scale production.

An integrated amine and redox gas treatment system is configured to treat an influent hydrocarbon containing stream. The system includes a reduction oxidation unit connected directly downstream of an amine unit. The amine unit is configured to separate the influent fluid stream into a first amine effluent stream including hydrocarbons and a second amine effluent stream including a connection pressure and comprising CO.sub.2. The reduction oxidation unit is configured to receive the second amine effluent stream from the amine unit and operate at the connection pressure while releasing a reduction oxidation effluent stream including purified CO.sub.2. The connection pressure includes a single pressure or a plurality of pressures at which both the amine unit and the reduction oxidation unit are configured to operate.

A method and system for reducing ion concentration of a solution and converting gas. The system comprising a multi-chamber unitary dialysis cell comprising a gas chamber, a product chamber, and an acid chamber. Ion exchange barriers separate the chambers of the dialysis cell. A first anion exchange barrier is positioned between the product chamber and the acid chamber and a first cation exchange barrier is positioned between the product chamber and the gas chamber. Anions from the solution being treated associate with cations from the acid chamber to form an acid solution in the acid chamber, and cations from the solution being treated associate with anions from the fluid comprising gas to form salt, thereby reducing the ion concentration of the solution being treated and converting at least a portion of the gas into salt.

The invention relates to a process and a plant for staged separation of concomitants from a raw synthesis gas stream to produce synthesis gas and a sulfur-free naphtha product as a by-product, To remove naphtha compounds and sulfur-containing concomitants, raw synthesis gas is treated with a scrubbing medium in a prescrubbing stage and withdrawn from the prescrubbing stage, and the laden scrubbing medium is mixed with water to bring about a phase separation into a scrubbing medium-water mixture and naphtha, wherein sulfur-containing concomitants are in solution in naphtha. To remove the sulfur-containing concomitants the naphtha is heated to obtain sulfur-free naphtha as a by-product of the gas scrubbing.

A solvent system for the removal of acid gases from mixed gas streams is provided. Also provided is a process for removing acid gases from mixed gas streams using the disclosed solvent systems. The solvent systems may be utilized within a gas processing system.

Systems and methods for preventing formation of carbonyl sulfide in the production of sweet gas using an amine-lean aqueous solution and metal oxide adsorbent material. In embodiments, a method may include producing, via an amine absorption column supplied with a raw gas stream that includes fractions of hydrogen sulfide (H.sub.2S), carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2), and carbon monoxide (CO), (1) a sweet gas stream that includes the fractions of the CO and (2) an amine-rich aqueous solution that includes the H.sub.2S and CO.sub.2. The method may include heating the amine-rich aqueous solution to produce a heated amine-rich aqueous solution. The method may include producing, via an amine regenerator supplied with the heated amine-rich aqueous solution (1) an acid gas stream that includes the H.sub.2S and CO.sub.2 and (2) an amine-lean aqueous solution. The method may include producing, via adsorption in a metal oxide adsorbent vessel, an effluent stream that includes the CO.sub.2.

The invention relates to a gas scrubbing process and plant for purifying raw synthesis gas by physical absorption in methanol. A raw synthesis gas stream which includes hydrogen and carbon monoxide as desired constituents and water and acid gases as undesired constituents is admixed with methanol and subsequently cooled below the freezing point of water. According to the invention a liquid phase including methanol and water is separated from the cooled raw synthesis gas stream. Acid gases are removed from the remaining gaseous phase by physical absorption in methanol at elevated pressure. Separating the water from the raw synthesis gas stream before the absorption of the acid gases prevents larger amounts of water passing into the methanol circuit of the gas scrubbing process. This achieves savings in resources and certain plant parts may be smaller than is customary.

A process for recovering nitric acid or salts thereof, comprising: contacting, in the presence of water, an water-immiscible ionic liquid of the formula [A.sup.+][X.sup.−], wherein [A.sup.+] represents a phosphonium or ammonium cation and [X.sup.−] represents a counter anion which is NO.sub.3.sup.−, an halide anion displaceable by NO.sub.3.sup.−, or both, with a fluid which contains HNO.sub.3 and at least one more mineral acid, or precursors of said acids, and partition, under mixing, said acids between aqueous and organic phases and form nitrate-loaded ionic liquid of the formula [A.sup.+][NO.sub.3.sup.−].sub.z>0.25 where Z indicates a molar amount of nitrate held in the ionic liquid beyond the positions occupied by the nitrate counter ions; separating the so-formed mixture into an organic phase comprising a nitrate-loaded ionic liquid of the formula [A.sup.+][NO.sub.3.sup.−].sub.z>0.25 and an aqueous phase consisting of a nitrate-depleted aqueous solution that contains the other mineral acid(s); stripping the nitric acid from said nitrate-loaded ionic liquid to create an aqueous nitrate solution and regenerate ionic liquid of the formula [A.sup.+][NO.sub.3.sup.−].sub.z≥0 with reduced nitrate loading, or unloaded [A.sup.+][NO.sub.3.sup.−].sub.z=0 ionic liquid.