A packing for capturing carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) from a dilute includes at least one panel that includes a mesh material configured to be wetted by a CO.sub.2 capture solution and that defines a gas channel having a first dimension defined along a first direction and a second dimension defined along a second direction different than the first direction, the gas channel configured to receive a flow of CO.sub.2-laden gas from the dilute gas source in the second direction and contact the flow of CO.sub.2-laden gas with the CO.sub.2 capture solution on the mesh material.

According to embodiment, a carbon dioxide capturing system cools a regenerator discharge gas discharged from a regenerator 5 containing carbon dioxide by a cooling unit 8, and then sends the gas to a cleaner 9. The cleaner 9 receives condensed water generated from the regenerator discharge gas cooled by the cooler 9, and a gaseous cooled regenerator discharge gas, and cleans the cooled regenerator discharge gas by a cleaning liquid. The cleaner 9 has a first liquid reservoir 9b configured to store the condensed water, and a second liquid reservoir 9c configured to store the cleaning liquid having cleaned the cooled regenerator discharge gas.

According to embodiment, a carbon dioxide capturing system cools a regenerator discharge gas discharged from a regenerator 5 containing carbon dioxide by a cooling unit 8, and then sends the gas to a cleaner 9. The cleaner 9 receives condensed water generated from the regenerator discharge gas cooled by the cooler 9, and a gaseous cooled regenerator discharge gas, and cleans the cooled regenerator discharge gas by a cleaning liquid. The cleaner 9 has a first liquid reservoir 9b configured to store the condensed water, and a second liquid reservoir 9c configured to store the cleaning liquid having cleaned the cooled regenerator discharge gas.

A system configured to capture CO.sub.2 and able to be washed of the captured CO.sub.2 includes a material including an ionic liquid configured to capture CO.sub.2 in response to exposure to a gas comprising CO.sub.2 and to a thermal energy source and an aerogel holding the ionic liquid therein. The system may also include a washing solution configured to wash the captured CO.sub.2 from the material.

A gas processing system for recovering methane gas from a landfill includes a high pressure main absorber plus a relatively low pressure one. The low pressure absorber receives a gas stream from an equally low pressure flash tank. This low pressure gas stream consists mostly of carbon dioxide and methane. The methane would normally be lost due to the high cost of recompressing the carbon dioxide, but by running this mixture of carbon dioxide and methane through the low pressure absorber with a slip stream of cold absorbent, a large portion of the carbon dioxide can be removed with negligible methane losses. The remaining methane can be recycled through the high pressure main absorber without having to recompress the removed portion of carbon dioxide.

Process and apparatus (10) are disclosed for capturing and converting an ozone-depleting alkyl halide fumigant from a fumigant/air mixed stream (14) by absorbing it into a metal hydroxide-alcohol buffer solution (26) in an absorber/scrubber (12) to produce a fumigant-free air stream (28). The captured alkyl halide in aqueous alcohol solution can actively react with the metal hydroxide in alcohol solution to produce a value-added product, such as a precipitate metal halide, and another alcohol that further enhances absorption. The absorbing solution is well-mixed with make-up alcohol and alkali streams to maintain the concentration of the metal hydroxide in the desired buffer solution range. The solid precipitate metal halide (52) is separated from the liquid stream, and the metal hydroxide-containing mixed alcohol stream (26) is recycled to the absorber/scrubber (12).

Process and apparatus (10) are disclosed for capturing and converting an ozone-depleting alkyl halide fumigant from a fumigant/air mixed stream (14) by absorbing it into a metal hydroxide-alcohol buffer solution (26) in an absorber/scrubber (12) to produce a fumigant-free air stream (28). The captured alkyl halide in aqueous alcohol solution can actively react with the metal hydroxide in alcohol solution to produce a value-added product, such as a precipitate metal halide, and another alcohol that further enhances absorption. The absorbing solution is well-mixed with make-up alcohol and alkali streams to maintain the concentration of the metal hydroxide in the desired buffer solution range. The solid precipitate metal halide (52) is separated from the liquid stream, and the metal hydroxide-containing mixed alcohol stream (26) is recycled to the absorber/scrubber (12).

A method for scrubbing flue gas, comprising: providing a rotating packed bed device onboard a ship or an offshore floating vessel; mixing seawater with the flue gas under centrifugal force in the rotating packed bed device to prevent blow-by and produce a scrubbed flue gas having low sulfur; and discharging the scrubbed flue gas; wherein the scrubbed flue gas has less than half of the sulfur that was originally present in the flue gas before the mixing. Also, a system for scrubbing the flue gas according to the method described. Also, a marine ship, comprising: an engine that combusts HSFO; a rotating packed bed device, in a hull or funnel of the ship, comprising a rotating shaft and a porous material that mixes seawater with flue gas and reduces sulfur in the flue gas; and a connector from the engine and the rotating packed bed device.

A method for scrubbing flue gas, comprising: providing a rotating packed bed device onboard a ship or an offshore floating vessel; mixing seawater with the flue gas under centrifugal force in the rotating packed bed device to prevent blow-by and produce a scrubbed flue gas having low sulfur; and discharging the scrubbed flue gas; wherein the scrubbed flue gas has less than half of the sulfur that was originally present in the flue gas before the mixing. Also, a system for scrubbing the flue gas according to the method described. Also, a marine ship, comprising: an engine that combusts HSFO; a rotating packed bed device, in a hull or funnel of the ship, comprising a rotating shaft and a porous material that mixes seawater with flue gas and reduces sulfur in the flue gas; and a connector from the engine and the rotating packed bed device.

Methods and systems for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, including producing a waste gas stream comprising form greater than 0 vol % to less than 20 vol %, inclusive, carbon dioxide, pre-concentrating the waste gas stream to increase a concentration of carbon dioxide, producing a concentrated byproduct stream comprising more than 40 vol %, dissolving carbon dioxide contained in the concentrated byproduct stream in water, producing a dissolved byproduct stream and an undissolved byproduct stream, injecting the dissolved byproduct stream or a portion thereof into a reservoir containing mafic rock, and allowing components of the dissolved byproduct stream to react in situ with components of the mafic rock to precipitate and store components of the byproduct stream in the reservoir.