A liquid separation constituent is used with being attached to a top plate to and from which a first element portion is attachable and detachable, and includes a second element portion having a fiber layer, an annular first attachment portion to which an upper end portion of the second element portion is attached, and a second attachment portion to which a lower end portion of a second element portion is attached. The first element portion includes an abutting portion abutting on the top plate and an insertion portion inserted into a through hole of the top plate. The first attachment portion includes a hole portion into which the insertion portion of the first element portion removed from the top plate is insertable, and an annular abutting portion abutting on a lower surface of the top plate from which the first element portion is removed.

The present disclosure provides a filter that includes a portion that comes into contact with a filtering object and is at least partially made of metal or metal compound, wherein the filter is capable of suppressing decomposition of fluorinated saturated hydrocarbon when filtering a composition containing high concentration of fluorinated saturated hydrocarbon. The filter according to the present disclosure includes: an area made of metal or metal compound for coming into contact with the filtering object; and amine compound absorbed to a surface of the area. A method for producing a filter according to the present disclosure includes a step of bringing amine compound into contact with the surface of the area made of metal or metal compound for coming into contact with the filtering object.

An effluent processing apparatus is provided for a vehicle air brake charging system. The effluent processing apparatus comprises an inlet port through which effluent from a purge valve of an air dryer can be received and an outlet port. The effluent processing apparatus also comprises a spiral-shaped effluent channel having a portion of decreasing channel width disposed between the inlet port and the outlet port. The spiral-shaped effluent channel is provided for increasing velocity of an effluent stream as the effluent stream flows through the decreasing channel width portion of the spiral-shaped effluent channel.

Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measurement approach is presented that achieves accurate and continuous monitoring completely independent of ambient environmental variations. This new measurement approach uses short dry air purges to dry the skin surface and the water vapor collection chamber, thus refreshing the measurement site each time during skin barrier analysis. These dry air purges help maintain a highly controlled localized measuring environment without disturbing any inherent skin properties, enabling one to produce reproducible TEWL results. A mathematical model developed based on Fick's laws of diffusion is presented, and shown to have excellent agreement with the mathematical model of a commercial TEWL device. The application of this mathematical model in deciphering the TEWL values from the transient microclimate behavior in the vapor measuring chamber of the new TEWL approach is also discussed.

An apparatus, method and system remove contaminants from a vapor. In an embodiment, a contaminant removal apparatus includes a vacuum box. The vacuum box is a vessel. The apparatus also includes a demister pad disposed in the vacuum box. A vapor is introduced to the vacuum box on an opposing side of the demister pad from a vapor exit from the vacuum box.

Some embodiments include a method of producing metal diboride nanomaterials having thickness down to the atomic scale and lateral areas from 10 nm to over 1 m by preparing a mixture of a metal diboride and a suspending solution. The suspending solution can be an organic solvent or a solution containing water, and optionally can include a dispersion agent, such as a surfactant, a polymer, small molecule, or biopolymer. Further, the method includes exfoliating the metal diboride by exposing the mixture to ultrasonic energy, centrifuging the mixture forming supernatant that includes a dispersion of exfoliated metal diborides, and extracting the dispersion from the supernatant. Some embodiments include extracting the supernatant and casting the solution by diluting the dispersion with a second suspending solution that includes dissolved polymer. This can result in a composite film includes a dispersion of the exfoliated metal diborides and provides improved mechanical properties.

An on-board aircraft inert gas system includes a source of hydrocarbon, a source of gas comprising oxygen, and a first fluid flow path between the source of gas comprising oxygen and an inert gas output. A reactor is disposed along the first fluid flow path that reacts oxygen and hydrocarbon from the fuel tank gas space to produce an oxygen-depleted gas. A heat exchanger condenser removes some water from the oxygen-depleted gas. A water-permeable gas membrane separator receives the oxygen-depleted gas from the heat exchanger and outputs dried oxygen-depleted gas.

Wastewater treatment and conveyance; and other chemical processes result in emission of a wide variety of odorous compounds. Contaminated exhaust air is typically a byproduct emitted from sludge in tanks and wells that are part of a wastewater treatment, conveyance, or chemical process. Said contaminated air has to be treated to capture or reduce odorous compounds or pollutants below human smell recognition threshold levels before the exhaust is discharged to the atmosphere. The present invention is a carbon scrubber used to treat and filter contaminated exhaust air produced in wastewater treatment and conveyance; and other chemical processes.

Disclosed is a drying device which includes desiccant wheels or desiccant wheels combined with adsorbent, and a drying apparatus using thereof. The desiccant wheel drying device includes a plurality of desiccant wheels made of direct heating desorption substrates. The drying apparatus using the drying device includes: two pressure tanks capable of performing adsorption dehumidification and regeneration desorption of moisture in compressed air. The two pressure tanks exchange functions in batches to achieve the moisture adsorption of the compressed air and the regeneration desorption of the adsorbent. When performing the air dehumidification and desorption regeneration, the structures of the air flow paths in the desiccant wheel drying device can obtain an equalized temperature rise control by a temperature compensation method using a preheater and the divisional temperature control method of the drying device, in order to achieve improvement in the regeneration performance and energy saving for the desiccant wheel drying device.

A filter for an oil catch apparatus is provided. The oil catch apparatus is capable of efficiently extracting oil from air flowing through the oil catch apparatus while being of compact size. The filter includes a cylindrically wound main filter unit, a first keep member for keeping one end of the main filter unit, and a second keep member for keeping the other end of the main filter unit. Air flowing into the main filter unit from an opening formed in the first keep member is cleared of impurities upon passing through the main filter unit, and exits out of the main filter unit.