To provide an absorbing material to separate tritium from heavy water. By using a deuterium ion- or hydrogen ion-containing manganese oxide having a spinel-type crystal structure as a tritium absorbing material collecting tritium from heavy water containing tritium, tritium can be separated and recovered inexpensively from the heavy water.

A sample introduction device comprises a sampling unit, a gas suction pump, adsorption units, a piston cylinder and a desorption cylinder that comprises a desorption chamber, a carrier-gas inlet, a split/purge vent and an analyzer nozzle communicating with the desorption chamber. A heating film and a temperature sensor are provided on outer wall of the desorption cylinder. The piston cylinder above the desorption cylinder comprises two piston chambers, each of which is provided with the adsorption unit and in communication with the desorption chamber. The piston cylinder comprises a sample-gas inlet connected to the sampling unit and a gas-suction-pump orifice connected to the gas suction pump, each of which can communicate with both piston chambers. Each adsorption unit comprises an adsorption cylinder-like screen for holding adsorbents and a piston rod slidably mounted in the piston chamber. Each adsorption cylinder-like screen can simultaneously communicate with the sample-gas inlet and gas-suction-pump orifice.

An apparatus for producing a radiolabeled compound is a production apparatus which produces a radiolabeled compound by introducing a radioisotope into a non-radioactive labeling precursor compound. The production apparatus includes a solid phase extraction unit in which a specific process which is a reaction of an intermediate compound, a purification of the intermediate compound, or a purification of the radiolabeled compound is carried out; and a cooling unit that cools the solid phase extraction unit, when the specific process is carried out.

An apparatus for producing a radiolabeled compound is a production apparatus which produces a radiolabeled compound by introducing a radioisotope into a non-radioactive labeling precursor compound. The production apparatus includes a solid phase extraction unit in which a specific process which is a reaction of an intermediate compound, a purification of the intermediate compound, or a purification of the radiolabeled compound is carried out; and a cooling unit that cools the solid phase extraction unit, when the specific process is carried out.

Tritium is isolated and recovered from tritium-containing water by a membrane electrode including a manganese oxide having a spinel crystal structure and containing hydrogen ions or lithium ions and having one surface coated with a membrane of an ion conductive material.

Tritium is isolated and recovered from tritium-containing water by a membrane electrode including a manganese oxide having a spinel crystal structure and containing hydrogen ions or lithium ions and having one surface coated with a membrane of an ion conductive material.

Utilizing the fact that a predetermined adsorbent adsorbs light water at an initial desorption rate higher than heavy water and semi-heavy water, deuterium depleted water having a reduced concentration of heavy water and semi-heavy water is produced easily and in a short time.

A method for producing deuterium depleted water by removing heavy water and semi-heavy water from water, the method including: a desorption process in which a relative pressure around a predetermined adsorbent with adsorbed water vapor is reduced, and in which water vapor desorbed from the adsorbent is recovered during a period of time when a desorption rate of light water>a desorption rate of the heavy water and semi-heavy water.

Utilizing the fact that a predetermined adsorbent adsorbs light water at an initial desorption rate higher than heavy water and semi-heavy water, deuterium depleted water having a reduced concentration of heavy water and semi-heavy water is produced easily and in a short time.

A method for producing deuterium depleted water by removing heavy water and semi-heavy water from water, the method including: a desorption process in which a relative pressure around a predetermined adsorbent with adsorbed water vapor is reduced, and in which water vapor desorbed from the adsorbent is recovered during a period of time when a desorption rate of light water>a desorption rate of the heavy water and semi-heavy water.

Water-based compositions suitable for the hydration of a mammal, and particularly hydration of a human by oral or topical methods, and for industrial uses such as cooling, and the making of solutions and mixtures. A method for producing a beverage, an industrial process water, an industrial solvent, or topical dermatological composition includes: providing a water source, the water molecules having oxygen or hydrogen atoms of different isotopes, (i) fractionating the water source to produce a fraction enriched in water molecules having an abundance of at least one of the oxygen or hydrogen isotopes being greater or less than the abundance found in the water source, or (ii) where the water source is already enriched in heavy water, fully or partially maintaining the level of enrichment.

Water-based compositions suitable for the hydration of a mammal, and particularly hydration of a human by oral or topical methods, and for industrial uses such as cooling, and the making of solutions and mixtures. A method for producing a beverage, an industrial process water, an industrial solvent, or topical dermatological composition includes: providing a water source, the water molecules having oxygen or hydrogen atoms of different isotopes, (i) fractionating the water source to produce a fraction enriched in water molecules having an abundance of at least one of the oxygen or hydrogen isotopes being greater or less than the abundance found in the water source, or (ii) where the water source is already enriched in heavy water, fully or partially maintaining the level of enrichment.