An image coding method includes: performing context arithmetic coding to consecutively code (i) first information indicating whether or not to perform sample adaptive offset (SAO) processing for a first region of an image and (ii) second information indicating whether or not to use, in the SAO processing for the first region, information on SAO processing for a region other than the first region, the context arithmetic coding being arithmetic coding using a variable probability, the SAO processing being offset processing on a pixel value; and performing bypass arithmetic coding to code other information which is information on the SAO processing for the first region and different from the first information or the second information, after the first information and the second information are coded, the bypass arithmetic coding being arithmetic coding using a fixed probability.

As an example, in some embodiments is a dressing that may comprise a manifold, a bioresorbable component, and a degradation-modulating component. The degradation-modulating component may cover two or more surfaces of the bioresorbable component. The degradation-modulating component may be further configured to modulate degradation of the bioresorbable component.

A negative pressure wound therapy system includes a wound dressing and a suction device configured to be in fluid communication with the wound dressing via a conduit to channel a fluid between at least the wound dressing and the suction device. The suction device includes a vacuum connection configured to be coupled to the conduit, a vacuum pump, an analog electronic pressure sensor in electrical communication with the vacuum pump, and a passive valve assembly. The passive valve assembly is in fluid communication with (1) the vacuum pump, (2), the analog electronic pressure sensor, and (3) the vacuum connection, and is configured to maintain the vacuum pump in fluid communication with the vacuum connection within a predefined pressure range, and to passively inhibit fluid communication between the vacuum pump and the vacuum connection outside of the predefined pressure range.

A wound therapy apparatus is disclosed that includes a wound interface securable to a skin surface around a wound bed to form an enclosed space over the wound bed that is fluid-tight. The wound therapy apparatus-may include a dressing engaged with the wound interface to contact the wound bed. A spacer may be disposed within the enclosed space proximal of the dressing to define a plenum between portions of the wound interface and a proximal side of the dressing. Gas within the enclosed space may have an O.sub.2 concentration greater than the O.sub.2 concentration in atmospheric air. The dressing may include a hydrophobic material, hydrophobic material, or a distal layer comprised of silicone having fenestrations therein, in various aspects. The pressure p.sub.0 within the enclosed space may vary over a pressure range p.sub.minp.sub.0p.sub.max. Related methods of use are also disclosed.

A medical gauze and gas flow assembly and method of applying a medical gauze with gas flow over a wound, provides a medical dressing cover that couples to a gas flow framing structure. The gas flow framing structure provides a flow of gas over a wound. A medical grade gauze material adheres to the lower surface of the medical dressing cover, so as to create spacing between the medical grade gauze material and the wound treatment area. The gas flow is directed between the medical grade gauze material and the wound treatment area. The gas flow vents to ambient though the gas permeable medical dressing cover. When degraded, the assembly is replaced or only the medical dressing cover and medical grade gauze material is replaced. The synergistic combination of a medical grade gauze material that is a gas permeable, with a gas flow structure that discharges gas over the wound enhances healing the wound.

Dressings, systems, and methods are disclosed for treating tissue with reduced pressure. A dressing for distributing reduced pressure to a tissue site includes a plurality of liquid-impermeable layers that are stacked and a plurality of spacers disposed at least partially between adjacent liquid-impermeable layers. The plurality of liquid-impermeable layers are fenestrated at least in part. The plurality of spacers and plurality of liquid-impermeable layers form a plurality of flow paths for allowing fluid flow under reduced pressure. Adjacent layers of the plurality of liquid-impermeable layers are stacked without foam between at least a majority of coextensive surfaces. Other dressings, systems, and methods are disclosed.

A suction-based medical dressing assembly and method of dermal irrigation provides a flexible tube that is fluidly coupled to at least two bifurcated tube portions defined by a plurality of apertures. The tube has a proximal end opening for discharging ambient fluid. The length of the bifurcated tube portions is surrounded by an absorbent gauze material covered substantially with an occlusive sheet material, and having an adhesive strip thereon. A vacuum assembly creates a negative pressure in the tubes. The ambient fluid is absorbed by the absorbent material, and the negative pressure sucks the fluid through the apertures in the bifurcated tube portions for discharge through the opening in the tube. In operation, a patient applies the adhesive side of the occlusive device to the skin where liquid removal is desired and activates the vacuum-inducing source, thereby causing fluid runoff from the patient to be effectively removed for disposal.

Provided herein are biologically active solution compositions comprising one or more sacrificial proteolytic enzyme substrates, one or more preservatives, and one or more antimicrobial agents and methods of using the solution compositions to treat tissue sites, in particular chronic wounds. The compositions may be used in conjunction with negative pressure wound therapy to treat tissue sites.

According to an illustrative embodiment, a system for treating a wound at a tissue site of a patient comprising a reduced-pressure source to supply reduced pressure, a drape adhering to the tissue site to cover the wound where possible leak passages between the drape and the tissue site may occur, and a seal disposed between the drape and the tissue site, is disclosed. The seal is adapted to react with a fluid to form a sealant substantially filling the passages in response to air leaking through the passages from outside the drape when reduced pressure is applied to the wound. According to another illustrative embodiment, a method for sealing a drape to a tissue site for treating a wound at the tissue site comprising applying the drape to cover the tissue site whereby passages are formed between the drape and the tissue site, positioning a seal between the drape and the tissue site wherein the seal is adapted to react with a fluid to form a sealant for substantially filling the passages, is also disclosed.

Foam wound inserts with high-density and low-density regions, methods for making wound inserts, wound-treatment methods, and wound-treatment systems.