A filtering device is for obtaining a chemical liquid by purifying a liquid to be purified, and has an inlet portion, an outlet portion, a filter A, at least one filter B different from the filter A, and a flow path which includes the filter A and the filter B arranged in series between the inlet portion and the outlet portion and extends from the inlet portion to the outlet portion, in which the filter A includes at least one kind of porous membrane selected from the group consisting of a first porous membrane having a porous base material made of polytetrafluoroethylene and a non-crosslinked coating which is formed to cover the porous base material and contains a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer and a second porous membrane containing polytetrafluoroethylene blended with a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer.

Methods and systems for producing urea are provided. Ammonia, carbon dioxide, and a carbamate solution can be combined in a pressurized mixer to produce a carbamate reaction mixture. The carbamate reaction mixture can be transferred from the pressurized mixer to a reactor. The carbamate reaction mixture can be heated in the reactor to produce a urea reaction mixture that can include urea, water, ammonia, carbon dioxide, and ammonium carbamate. The urea reaction mixture can be contacted to a membrane to separate an aqueous filtrate and a urea concentrate that can include urea, ammonia, carbon dioxide, and ammonium carbamate. The urea concentrate can be transferred from the reactor to a urea purification system that can include one or more separators and one or more decomposers. The urea concentrate can flow through the urea purification system to produce one or more urea products and one or more carbamate solutions.

The present invention refers to a surface coating of commercial polyamide (PA) membranes with graphene oxide (GO) using a technology that involves spin-coating with specific sequence of low and high rotation, interface phenomena provided by a set of materials containing ethyl alcohol in high concentration, as well as morphological characteristics and customized surface chemistry of GO, among other conditions that allow a differentiated technology to obtain an effective coating of GO on PA membrane.

An improved method for concentrating dispersions of graphene oxide, coating a substrate with a layer of a graphene oxide solution, and producing a supported graphene membrane stabilised by controlled deoxygenation; and graphene-based membranes that demonstrate ultra-fast water transport, precise molecular sieving of gas and solvated molecules, and which show great promise as novel separation platforms.

A system for generating electricity, heat, and desalinated water having a gas turbine system connected to a first electric generator, a waste heat recovery boiler (WHRB) system, a combined heat and power (CHP) generation system connected to a second electric generator, one or more solar powered energy systems, and a desalination system. The desalination system is connected to the CHP generation system and the WHRB system. The gas turbine system generates electricity and heat, the WHRB system is connected to and uses the exhaust of the gas turbine system to provide heat and steam power to the CHP generation system. The CHP generation system produces and provides electricity and heat to the desalination system, which produces product water, and at least one solar powered energy system provides thermal energy to one or more of the gas turbine system, the WHRB system, the CHP generation system, and the desalination system.

A biological reactor system treats concentrated contaminated water with a combination of upflow and downflow bioreactors that are downstream from a reverse osmosis or other concentrator. The system may have a fail safe configuration where flush water may be introduced to the reactors in the event of a power failure or when taking the reactors offline. Many reverse osmosis systems introduce antiscalant treatments upstream so that the reverse osmosis filters do not scale. However, such treatments result in superconcentrated conditions of the antiscalants in the contaminated water processed by the bioreactors. A flushing system may deconcentrate the bioreactors to prevent the antiscalants from precipitating and fouling the bioreactors.

Disclosed is a method for filtering a fibrinogen composition, comprising the following steps: a) purifying the fibrinogen composition by chromatographic purification using an elution buffer comprising arginine; b) optionally, at least one step of filtering the fibrinogen composition obtained by chromatographic elution in step a), on a filter having a pore size of between 0.08 μm and 0.22 μm, c) filtering the fibrinogen composition obtained by chromatographic elution in step a), or optionally obtained in step b), on a symmetrical filter having a pore size of between 15 nm and 25 nm, and preferably between 18 nm and 22 nm, and d) recovering the resulting fibrinogen solution, the filtering method being carried out without adding arginine after step a), at a high capacity and without a prior freezing and/or thawing step.

The invention relates to a method for the separation of two hydrophilic neutral oligosaccharides from each other with a chromatography on a bromine functionalized polystyrene cross-linked with divinylbenzene (BPS-DVB) stationary medium.

A hyperfiltration system (10) and method for treating water including: a vessel (20) having a feed inlet (22), a permeate outlet (24), and a concentrate outlet (26); at least one spiral wound membrane element (28) located within the vessel (20); a pump (30) having a low pressure side (32) in fluid communication with a source of feed water (40) through a junction point (42) and a high pressure side (34) in fluid communication with the feed inlet (22); a permeate valve (50) connected to the permeate outlet (24) and adapted to selectively direct permeate flow between a treated water outlet (52) and the junction point (42); a flow path (60) between the concentrate outlet (26) and a discharge (62); and a flow restrictor (64) located along the flow path (60) and adapted to vary resistance to concentrate flow between a high and low value.

Novel low-pressure nanofiltration membrane composites for rejecting organic compounds are prepared by interfacial polymerization on a microporous hollow fiber supporting membrane. The interfacial polymerization reaction is carried out using an essentially monomeric polyamine reactant having at least two amine functional groups per molecule, and an essentially monomeric amine-reactive polyfunctional aromatic or cycloaliphatic acyl halide having at least two acyl halide groups per molecule. The composite can be fabricated by stepwise polymerization reactions with different reactant recipes at each step.