Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for systems for removing contaminants from a leachate, methods of removing contaminants from a leachate, and the like.

A large scale water desalination process for producing at least 100,000 m.sup.3/day of product water. Feed water is passed through a high pressure pump driven by at least one steam turbine capable of producing at least 1 MW of energy, the pressurized feed water passing through at least one reverse osmosis membrane to provide a residual brine stream and a product water. A start-up step slowly increases pressure in the membrane at a maximum rate of 12 psi (8.3 Newtons/cm.sup.2; 0.08 MPa) per second by rotation of the turbine driven high pressure pump at a maximum rate of 30 RPM to slowly increase pressure on the membrane to a predetermined operational pressure and controlling the operational pressure following the start-up step by rotation of the high pressure pump between 500 RPM and 5000 RPM dependent on the pressure applied by the steam turbine.

A large scale water desalination process for producing at least 100,000 m.sup.3/day of product water. Feed water is passed through a high pressure pump driven by at least one steam turbine capable of producing at least 1 MW of energy, the pressurized feed water passing through at least one reverse osmosis membrane to provide a residual brine stream and a product water. A start-up step slowly increases pressure in the membrane at a maximum rate of 12 psi (8.3 Newtons/cm.sup.2; 0.08 MPa) per second by rotation of the turbine driven high pressure pump at a maximum rate of 30 RPM to slowly increase pressure on the membrane to a predetermined operational pressure and controlling the operational pressure following the start-up step by rotation of the high pressure pump between 500 RPM and 5000 RPM dependent on the pressure applied by the steam turbine.

The present invention discloses an SWRO and MCDI coupled seawater desalination device system with energy recovery, including a pre-filtering unit, an SWRO treatment unit, an MCDI treatment unit, and a post-filtering unit. The SWRO treatment unit is coupled with the MCDI treatment unit. Seawater desalination is performed through a coupling complementary water passage and circuit design, while water quality is improved, and the continuity of water output from a water passage of the device is kept. By recovering the pressure potential energy of high-pressure brine in the SWRO treatment unit and electric energy released by desorption in the MCDI treatment unit, energy consumption is reduced.

The present invention discloses an SWRO and MCDI coupled seawater desalination device system with energy recovery, including a pre-filtering unit, an SWRO treatment unit, an MCDI treatment unit, and a post-filtering unit. The SWRO treatment unit is coupled with the MCDI treatment unit. Seawater desalination is performed through a coupling complementary water passage and circuit design, while water quality is improved, and the continuity of water output from a water passage of the device is kept. By recovering the pressure potential energy of high-pressure brine in the SWRO treatment unit and electric energy released by desorption in the MCDI treatment unit, energy consumption is reduced.

The present invention relates to a energy recovery unit in desalination plants or other applications as (oil & gas), wherein the energy of the pressure exchanger PE is prov ided by the exchange of pressure between the 1.sup.st fluid, which can be the high-pressure concentrated water from the desalination plant output, and the 2.sup.nd fluid, which can be the low-pressure feeding water to the desalination plants, wherein the 1.sup.st fluid enters into the pressure exchanger through HPI and the pressure is transferred to the 2.sup.nd fluid throught the pressure exchanger. Thus, the pressure of the 2.sup.nd flow is raised and pushed through HPO to RO desalination membrane. The course of this cycle is as follows: (HPI/E/44/X45/46/C/55/X56/57/A/HPO) and 2.sup.nd fluid is entered into pressure exchanger through LPI and 1.sup.st fluid is swiped out with low pressure (after exchanging pressure with 2.sup.nd fluid) from the pressure exchanger through LPO. The course of this cycle is as follows: (LPI/A/54/X52/Y52/Z52/51/C/47/Z48/Y48/X48/50/E/LPO). PE consists of stationary cylinder “C” and rotating disc “A,B,D&E”.

The present invention relates to a energy recovery unit in desalination plants or other applications as (oil & gas), wherein the energy of the pressure exchanger PE is prov ided by the exchange of pressure between the 1.sup.st fluid, which can be the high-pressure concentrated water from the desalination plant output, and the 2.sup.nd fluid, which can be the low-pressure feeding water to the desalination plants, wherein the 1.sup.st fluid enters into the pressure exchanger through HPI and the pressure is transferred to the 2.sup.nd fluid throught the pressure exchanger. Thus, the pressure of the 2.sup.nd flow is raised and pushed through HPO to RO desalination membrane. The course of this cycle is as follows: (HPI/E/44/X45/46/C/55/X56/57/A/HPO) and 2.sup.nd fluid is entered into pressure exchanger through LPI and 1.sup.st fluid is swiped out with low pressure (after exchanging pressure with 2.sup.nd fluid) from the pressure exchanger through LPO. The course of this cycle is as follows: (LPI/A/54/X52/Y52/Z52/51/C/47/Z48/Y48/X48/50/E/LPO). PE consists of stationary cylinder “C” and rotating disc “A,B,D&E”.

An ultrapure water manufacturing facility includes: a first tank; a plurality of reverse osmosis membranes sequentially arranged downstream of the first tank; an electrodeionization device arranged downstream of the plurality of reverse osmosis membranes; an ion exchange resin tower arranged downstream of the electrodeionization device and filled with a boron selective resin; and a chemical supplier arranged between the plurality of reverse osmosis membranes and configured to supply a pH regulator to treatment-target water.

An ultrapure water manufacturing facility includes: a first tank; a plurality of reverse osmosis membranes sequentially arranged downstream of the first tank; an electrodeionization device arranged downstream of the plurality of reverse osmosis membranes; an ion exchange resin tower arranged downstream of the electrodeionization device and filled with a boron selective resin; and a chemical supplier arranged between the plurality of reverse osmosis membranes and configured to supply a pH regulator to treatment-target water.

A fluid power circuit with a switch-mode power transformer used to transfer power while keeping the pressure of power source and reverse osmosis processes relatively decoupled. The switch-mode power transformer uses the inertia of a hydraulic motor driven electric generator and switching of a hydraulic motor inlet between high and low-pressure ends to decrease the pressure at which power is being transmitted to a reverse osmosis process.